Yezur Wiki - Recent changes [en]

Yezur Wiki:Ambiguous glosses

Thiorosan — Fri, 28 Aug 2026 08:27:32 GMT

Part two: replace the pending rows with an index to the evidence subpage, and set out what actually needs a ruling

Yezur Wiki:Ambiguous glosses/Part two

Thiorosan — Fri, 28 Aug 2026 08:26:51 GMT

Set out the evidence behind every pending part-two row: each entry with what its own definition says, and a verdict of answerable-from-the-entries or needs-a-ruling

Show changes

Yezur Wiki:English lemma worklist

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 13:25:19 GMT

Phase 0 of the English pass: triage all 711 glosses into lemmas, senses and non-lemmas, ranked by how many languages share each

New page

This page is the worklist for giving every Yezuri word an English entry to be translated from — the hub-language pass described at [[Yezur Wiki:Dictionary structure]]. It is a '''proposal''': the triage below was made mechanically and then by judgement, and the operator rules.

== Where the number comes from ==

The '''Lexemes''' table holds 4,284 non-English lexemes carrying '''711''' distinct glosses. Of those, 42 already have an English entry.

Glosses do not map one-to-one onto lemmas. Thirty-seven are a head word with a sense in brackets — ''bone (body part)'' beside ''bone (material)'' — and every one of those head words is already a gloss in its own right, so they add '''senses''', not pages. Collapsing them leaves '''638''' settled lemmas and '''36''' glosses that needed a judgement call.

'''598 lemmas still want an entry.''' Ranked by how many languages share the gloss, since that is how much a translations box is worth:

{| class="wikitable"
! Languages sharing the gloss !! Lemmas !! Note
|-
| 10–11 || 163 || core vocabulary; the richest boxes
|-
| 6–9 || 23 ||
|-
| 3–5 || 281 ||
|-
| 1–2 || 131 || a box here has one or two rows
|}

== The 36 judgement calls ==

=== Treat as an English lemma ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Gloss !! Languages !! Lemma !! Why
|-
| ''-er, person affix'' || 1 || English suffix, at [[Dictionary:-er|-er]]
|-
| ''-ness'' || 3 || English suffix
|-
| ''a, an'' || 1 || at a
|-
| ''be born'' || 3 || phrasal verb
|-
| ''bite, eat'' || 1 || at bite; the eat sense is a second definition
|-
| ''body hair'' || 3 || compound noun
|-
| ''female, woman'' || 1 || at female
|-
| ''give up'' || 1 || phrasal verb
|-
| ''head louse'' || 3 || compound noun
|-
| ''high tide'' || 3 || compound noun
|-
| ''lie down'' || 10 || phrasal verb
|-
| ''low tide'' || 3 || compound noun
|-
| ''male, man'' || 1 || at male
|-
| ''old man'' || 3 || multi-word noun
|-
| ''old woman'' || 3 || multi-word noun
|-
| ''open sea'' || 1 || compound noun
|-
| ''to voyage'' || 1 || at voyage — the to is an infinitive marker, not part of the word
|-
| ''today, now, at this time'' || 1 || at today
|-
| ''tomorrow, the day after'' || 2 || at tomorrow
|-
| ''whole, full'' || 1 || at whole
|-
| ''yesterday, the day before'' || 2 || at yesterday
|-
| ''young man'' || 3 || multi-word noun
|-
| ''young woman'' || 3 || multi-word noun
|}

=== A sense of an existing lemma, not a page of its own ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Gloss !! Languages !! Belongs at
|-
| ''flowing water'' || 3 || ''water''
|-
| ''hand and forearm'' || 4 || ''arm''
|-
| ''know how'' || 1 || ''know''
|-
| ''mangrove swamp'' || 1 || ''swamp''
|-
| ''mother's brother'' || 4 || ''uncle''
|-
| ''the right, entitlement'' || 1 || ''right''
|-
| ''we two'' || 4 || ''we (dual)''
|-
| ''yearly flood'' || 2 || ''flood''
|}

=== Not an English lemma at all ===
These gloss what an affix ''does''. The affix entries keep them as definitions; no English page follows.

{| class="wikitable"
! Gloss !! Languages !! Reason
|-
| ''abstract noun'' || 1 || describes what a suffix derives
|-
| ''adverbial marker'' || 1 || a grammatical label
|-
| ''person affix'' || 2 || describes what an affix does, not an English word
|-
| ''result noun'' || 2 || describes what a suffix derives
|}

=== Needs a ruling ===
* ''he/she/it/etc'' (4 languages) — English has no single lemma covering all three; needs a ruling

== Open questions ==

# '''Do the 1–2 language lemmas earn a page?''' A translations box with a single row states little. They could be deferred until a second language shares the gloss.
# '''How far down the ranking does this pass go?''' The 10–11 band is the natural first tranche.
# '''Reciprocity.''' [[Yezur Wiki:Dictionary structure]] holds that a foreign entry links back to its English lemma with <code><nowiki>{{d|word|YXS-EN}}</nowiki></code>. Most of the 4,284 foreign entries carry a plain gloss instead, so honouring this in full is roughly four thousand edits — mechanical, and arguably the same job as the deferred inflected-form bot.

== First tranche ==

The 163 lemmas whose gloss is shared by ten or eleven languages:

:all, and, animal, ash, at, back, bad, bark, because, belly, bite, blow, breast, breathe, burn, cold, come, correct, count, cut, dig, dirty, drink, dry, dull, dust, ear, egg, fall, far, fat, fear, feather, few, fight, fingernail, fish, five, float, flow, flower, fly, fog, foot, forest, four, fruit, full, grass, green, guts, hair, head, heart, heavy, here, hold, horn, how, hunt, husband, if, in, kill, knee, know, lake, laugh, leaf, left, leg, live, liver, louse, many, meat, mountain, mouth, narrow, near, neck, night, nose, not, old, one, other, person, play, pull, push, rain, right, river, root, rope, rotten, round, rub, salt, sand, say, scratch, sea, seed, sew, sharp, short, sing, sit, skin, sky, smell, smoke, smooth, snake, some, spit, split, squeeze, stab, stand, star, stick, stone, straight, suck, swell, swim, tail, that, there, they, thick, thin, think, this, three, throw, tie, tongue, tooth, turn, two, vomit, walk, wash, we, wet, what, when, where, who, wide, wife, wind, wing, wipe, with, worm, year, yellow, you

[[Category:Yezur Wiki]]

List of languages

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 13:06:47 GMT

Notes: place Old Usinger between Old Ousperian and Usinger

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 27 August 2026
Line 94:		Line 94:
	\|		\|
	\|YDQ-PY		\|YDQ-PY
	\|Ancestor of [[Terjiquan language\|Terjiquan]] and [[Usinger language\|Usinger]].		\|Ancestor of [[Terjiquan language\|Terjiquan]] and of [[Old Usinger language\|Old Usinger]].
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Old Usinger language\|Old Usinger]]		\|[[Old Usinger language\|Old Usinger]]

Usinger language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 13:06:46 GMT

Record the descent: Old Ousperian > Old Usinger > Usinger (operator)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 27 August 2026
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|code=YDS-YS		\|code=YDS-YS
	}}		}}
	'''Usinger''' (''Yszènnu'') is a modern language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It descends from [[Old Ousperian language\|Old Ousperian]].		'''Usinger''' (''Yszènnu'') is a modern language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It descends from [[Old Usinger language\|Old Usinger]], and through it from [[Old Ousperian language\|Old Ousperian]].

	[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]		[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
	[[Category:Modern languages]]		[[Category:Modern languages]]

Old Usinger language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 13:06:44 GMT

Record the descent: Old Ousperian > Old Usinger > Usinger (operator)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 27 August 2026
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|code=YDR-YS		\|code=YDR-YS
	}}		}}
	'''Old Usinger''' (''Yszènqè'') is a medieval language of the [[Tacchoan]] family.		'''Old Usinger''' (''Yszènqè'') is a medieval language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It descends from [[Old Ousperian language\|Old Ousperian]] and is the ancestor of [[Usinger language\|Usinger]].

	[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]		[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
	[[Category:Medieval languages]]		[[Category:Medieval languages]]

Old Ousperian language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 13:06:42 GMT

Record the descent: Old Ousperian > Old Usinger > Usinger (operator)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 27 August 2026
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|code=YDQ-PY		\|code=YDQ-PY
	}}		}}
	'''Old Ousperian''' (''Ösuppə'') is an ancient language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It is the ancestor of [[Terjiquan language\|Terjiquan]] and [[Usinger language\|Usinger]].		'''Old Ousperian''' (''Ösuppə'') is an ancient language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It is the ancestor of [[Terjiquan language\|Terjiquan]] and, through [[Old Usinger language\|Old Usinger]], of [[Usinger language\|Usinger]].

	[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]		[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
	[[Category:Ancient languages]]		[[Category:Ancient languages]]

Usinger language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:52 GMT

Create: modern language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Usinger
|native_name=Yszènnu
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Modern
|code=YDS-YS
}}
'''Usinger''' (''Yszènnu'') is a modern language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It descends from [[Old Ousperian language|Old Ousperian]].

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Modern languages]]

Senitian language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:50 GMT

Create: modern language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Senitian
|native_name=Sennic
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Modern
|code=YDS-SE
}}
'''Senitian''' (''Sennic'') is a modern language of the [[Tacchoan]] family.

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Modern languages]]

Terjiquan language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:49 GMT

Create: medieval language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Terjiquan
|native_name=Tertzikkè
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Medieval
|code=YDR-TZ
}}
'''Terjiquan''' (''Tertzikkè'') is a medieval language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It descends from [[Old Ousperian language|Old Ousperian]].

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Medieval languages]]

Kankai language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:48 GMT

Create: medieval language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Kankai
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Medieval
|code=YDR-KK
}}
'''Kankai''' is a medieval language of the [[Tacchoan]] family.

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Medieval languages]]

Old Usinger language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:46 GMT

Create: medieval language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Old Usinger
|native_name=Yszènqè
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Medieval
|code=YDR-YS
}}
'''Old Usinger''' (''Yszènqè'') is a medieval language of the [[Tacchoan]] family.

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Medieval languages]]

Old Ousperian language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:44 GMT

Create: ancient language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Old Ousperian
|native_name=Ösuppə
|family=Tacchoan
|era=Ancient
|code=YDQ-PY
}}
'''Old Ousperian''' (''Ösuppə'') is an ancient language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It is the ancestor of [[Terjiquan language|Terjiquan]] and [[Usinger language|Usinger]].

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Ancient languages]]

Esselitian language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:41 GMT

Create: ancient language of the Tacchoan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Esselitian
|native_name=Ezjec
|family=Tacchoan
|region=Esselis
|era=Ancient
|code=YDQ-ES
}}
'''Esselitian''' (''Ezjec'') is an ancient language of the [[Tacchoan]] family. It belongs to the Esselis branch, in the centre of [[Taccho]].

[[Category:Tacchoan languages]]
[[Category:Ancient languages]]

Anilonic language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:38 GMT

Create: modern language of the Njeshan family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Anilonic
|native_name=Aniljew
|family=Njeshan
|era=Modern
|code=YBS-AL
}}
'''Anilonic''' (''Aniljew'') is a modern language of the [[Njeshan]] family.

[[Category:Njeshan languages]]
[[Category:Modern languages]]

High Gaillean language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:37 GMT

Create: medieval language of the Herta-Olaic family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=High Gaillean
|native_name=Gwalea
|family=Herta-Olaic
|era=Medieval
|code=YAR-GW
}}
'''High Gaillean''' (''Gwalea'') is a medieval language of the [[Herta-Olaic]] family. It is a major liturgic language.

[[Category:Herta-Olaic languages]]
[[Category:Medieval languages]]

Skennic language

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:35 GMT

Create: ancient language of the Herta-Olaic family, from the registry and List of languages

New page

{{Infobox language
|name=Skennic
|native_name=Sgeeni
|family=Herta-Olaic
|era=Ancient
|code=YAQ-SK
}}
'''Skennic''' (''Sgeeni'') is an ancient language of the [[Herta-Olaic]] family.

[[Category:Herta-Olaic languages]]
[[Category:Ancient languages]]

Category:Tacchoan languages

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:33:34 GMT

Create: the Tacchoan counterpart of Category:Herta-Olaic languages, Njeshan languages and Andusian languages

New page

[[Category:Languages]]

Module:Translations/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:53 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:Translations]], the translations-box renderer for the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:Translations]] invokes it with <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Translations|render}}</nowiki></code> and the module reads the parameters given to that template. One box covers one English sense and lists the words the world's languages use for it, grouped by macro-family; boxes sit under a <code><nowiki>====Translations====</nowiki></code> heading following that sense's definitions, inside the English section of a Dictionary entry. Worked examples are at [[Template:Translations/testcases]].

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>gloss</code> || The sense being translated, shown in italics after ''Translations'' and an em dash in the box heading. Required: a headword with several senses carries one box per sense, and the gloss is what keeps them apart. When it is omitted the heading reads <code>no gloss given</code> in the error style instead.
|-
| ''CODE'' || A registry code from [[Module:Languages]] used as the parameter name — <code>YAQ-HE</code>, <code>YBS-PJ</code>, <code>YCQ-BE</code> — with that language's word for the sense as the value. Any number may be given. A single value may hold several synonyms separated by commas, each of which is linked separately.
|}

Every named parameter other than <code>gloss</code> is read as a language code; codes are matched case-insensitively. Parameters with an empty value are skipped, as are positional parameters. A gloss given on its own still renders the heading and an otherwise empty box; the module returns nothing at all when it is given neither a gloss nor any language parameter.

== Grouping and order ==

Each word is linked to its Dictionary entry through [[Module:Languages]], which anchors the link to the language's section heading and prefixes an asterisk for reconstructed languages — the star comes from the registry, not from the wikitext. Group headings are the registry's <code>family</code> field; known codes carrying no family are gathered under ''Isolates''.

Rows are sorted by the second letter of the code, which is the family, then by the third, which is the era (<code>P</code> proto, <code>Q</code> ancient, <code>R</code> medieval, <code>S</code> modern, so alphabetical order is also chronological), then by language name, then by the code itself. The second letter likewise picks the colour class, <code>tfam-</code> followed by that letter. Colours and layout come from [[Template:Translations/styles.css]], which the module loads through TemplateStyles; it defines <code>tfam-A</code> to <code>tfam-E</code> for the five families and <code>tfam-X</code> for the isolate codes.

A code the registry does not know is not silently dropped. Its words are left unlinked and printed after all the family groups as <code>unrecognized code ''CODE'': ''word''</code> in red, so that a typo or a language missing from the registry shows on the page.

The box is display-only: it stores nothing and is hand-curated per sense, in the same way as the family Members tables.

Module:MiddleAirananwe/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:52 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:MiddleAirananwe]], the noun declension generator for [[Middle Airananwe language|Middle Airananwe]] (<code>YAR-AI</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:YAR-AI-decl]] invokes it as <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:MiddleAirananwe|decl}}</nowiki></code>, and Dictionary entries transclude that template under their <code>====Declension====</code> heading. The module builds the endings from the spelling of the headword alone; it does not call [[Module:Auphen]], and [[Module:Auphen/YAR-AI]] accordingly carries pronunciation data only, its <code>sets</code> table of named rulesets being empty.

Middle Airananwe has a single declension, so there is no class parameter. Four cases are generated in two numbers; the language has no gender and no vocative.

== Parameters ==

Arguments are read from the transcluding template, so these are parameters of [[Template:YAR-AI-decl]] rather than of the invocation.

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>word</code> || The headword to decline. Defaults to the page title without its namespace prefix, which is the usual case in Dictionary entries.
|-
| <code>1</code> || An unnamed alternative to <code>word</code>, used when <code>word</code> is absent.
|}

Ordinary use in an entry is therefore <code><nowiki>{{YAR-AI-decl}}</nowiki></code>; <code><nowiki>{{YAR-AI-decl|word=abhoone}}</nowiki></code> overrides the title, for entries whose page name is not the citation form and for showing the table away from an entry.

== Endings ==

The ending attaches to the bare lexeme. Where two forms are given below, the first follows a vowel and the second a consonant, the <code>-e-</code> being a linking vowel; the dative singular takes <code>-i</code> in both environments. The vowels recognised are <code>a e i o u</code> and their macron forms, in lower case.

{| class="wikitable"
! Case !! Singular !! Plural
|-
! NOM
| — || <code>-r</code> / <code>-er</code>
|-
! GEN
| <code>-n</code> / <code>-en</code> || <code>-rn</code> / <code>-ern</code>
|-
! DAT
| <code>-i</code> || <code>-ri</code> / <code>-eri</code>
|-
! ACC
| <code>-s</code> / <code>-es</code> || <code>-rs</code> / <code>-ers</code>
|}

A word-final <code>-e</code> is discarded before the dative singular <code>-i</code>, and there only: ''abhoone'' gives dative singular ''abhooni'' but dative plural ''abhooneri''. Only the one letter is removed, so ''arree'' gives ''arrei''.

The output is a <code>wikitable</code> with the columns SG and PL and the case names down the side, the forms set in bold and the cell text centred.

Module:Languages/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:51 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:Languages]], the language-code registry for the Yezur wiki. It maps a registry code — the <code>code</code> field of [[Template:Infobox language]] — onto a language's display name, its Dictionary section, its family and whether it is reconstructed, and it is the single place those are recorded. Wikitext reaches it through <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|…}}</nowiki></code>, in [[Template:D]], [[Template:L]], [[Template:M]], [[Template:Desc]], [[Template:Head]] and [[Template:Etym-missing]]; [[Module:Head]], [[Module:Labels]] and [[Module:Translations]] <code>require</code> the module and reach entries through its exported <code>_get</code>, the registry table itself being local to the module.

Codes take the form <code>Y</code>, a family letter, an era letter, a hyphen and a two-letter tag for the language, as in <code>YAQ-HE</code> for Ancient Hertic. The second letter is the family — <code>A</code> [[Herta-Olaic]], <code>B</code> [[Njeshan]], <code>C</code> [[Andusian]], <code>D</code> [[Tacchoan]], <code>E</code> [[Shung-Worrehan]] (no code registered under it yet), <code>X</code> isolate — and the third the era, <code>P</code> proto, <code>Q</code> ancient, <code>R</code> medieval, <code>S</code> modern, so that alphabetical order of codes is chronological order of languages. [[Module:Translations]] reads those two letters off the code itself to order its rows: families fall in letter order, isolates last, and within a family the older stages first.

== Registry fields ==

Each entry in the table is keyed by its code and carries:

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Purpose
|-
| <code>name</code> || The display name. Shown by [[Template:Desc]] and as the row label of a translations box, stored in the <code>langname</code> field of the <code>Lexemes</code> row by [[Template:Head]], and used by [[Module:Head]], [[Module:Labels]] and [[Template:Etym-missing]] to build category names such as <code>Category:Pjany lemmas</code> and <code>Category:Gaillean entries needing etymology</code>.
|-
| <code>section</code> || The level-2 heading the language's entries file under in the Dictionary, and so the anchor every generated link points at. It differs from <code>name</code> where two forms of one language share a section: <code>YXS-NE</code> New English files under <code>English</code>.
|-
| <code>recon</code> || Set to <code>true</code> for a reconstructed language. Its forms are rendered with a leading <code>*</code> in headwords, links and mentions; the page title itself carries no asterisk.
|-
| <code>family</code> || The macro-family, used by [[Module:Translations]] to group a translations box. Isolates carry no <code>family</code> and are gathered under ''Isolates'' at the end of the box.
|}

== Entry points ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Call !! Backs !! Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|name|CODE}}</nowiki></code> || [[Template:Head]], [[Template:Etym-missing]] || The display name.
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|section|CODE}}</nowiki></code> || — || The Dictionary section heading.
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|dlink|word|code|label}}</nowiki></code> || [[Template:D]] || A link to <code>Dictionary:''word''</code> anchored at the language's section. Word first.
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|link|code|word|label}}</nowiki></code> || [[Template:L]] || The same link, code first, for lists of synonyms and derived terms.
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|mention|code|word|label}}</nowiki></code> || [[Template:M]] || The same link italicised, for mentions in running prose.
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Languages|desc|code|word|label}}</nowiki></code> || [[Template:Desc]] || The display name, a colon, then the link — a Descendants-section line.
|}

The last parameter of the four link-building calls is optional display text, defaulting to the word; a parameter left blank counts as absent. Codes and words are trimmed, and codes are matched without regard to case. Given no word, <code>dlink</code>, <code>link</code> and <code>mention</code> return an empty string and <code>desc</code> returns the display name alone.

An unrecognised or omitted code is not an error. <code>name</code> and <code>section</code> return an empty string, <code>desc</code> falls back to printing the code itself as the name, and the link calls still emit a link — to the top of the Dictionary page, with no section anchor and no reconstruction asterisk. [[Template:Translations]] is the exception: it renders unknown codes visibly as errors rather than passing them through.

Two functions are exported for other modules rather than for wikitext. <code>_get(code)</code> returns the registry entry for a code, or <code>nil</code>; <code>_build_link(word, entry, display)</code> builds the anchored, starred Dictionary link from an entry.

Because the display names live here, renaming a language is a one-line edit to the registry rather than a sweep of every page that mentions it. The table has to be kept in step with the <code>code</code> fields of [[Template:Infobox language]] and with the tables at [[List of languages]], which catalogue the codes in use; a language absent from the registry is invisible to the dictionary templates, which fall back to unanchored links. See [[Yezur Wiki:Dictionary structure]].

Module:Labels/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:50 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:Labels]], the sense-label renderer for the Yezur wiki's Dictionary. It is not called directly: [[Template:Lb]] invokes it as <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Labels|lb|CODE|label1|label2|…}}</nowiki></code>, passing a language code and up to seven labels. The module returns those labels comma-joined, italicised and parenthesised, in the order given — <code><nowiki>{{lb|YAP-XX|by extension}}</nowiki></code> renders ''(by extension)'' at the head of a definition line — and appends a per-language category for each label it recognises. When no label survives trimming it returns nothing at all.

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>1</code> || The language code, such as <code>YBS-PJ</code>. It is trimmed and matched without regard to case in [[Module:Languages]], which supplies the display name used in the category titles; the code itself is never shown.
|-
| <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, … || The labels, in display order. Each is trimmed, and empty values are skipped. Reading stops at the first argument that is absent altogether, which only affects direct invocation: [[Template:Lb]] always supplies slots 2 to 8, so unfilled slots between filled ones do no harm.
|}

== Categorising labels ==

A label in the table below files the page into a category named after the language, written ''Lang'' here: under <code>YBS-PJ</code>, <code>transitive</code> adds [[:Category:Pjany transitive verbs]]. Recognition ignores case, but only a shorthand is rewritten — the shorthands in the second column are replaced by the canonical label before display, whereas a canonical label is shown exactly as typed, so <code>Transitive</code> renders ''(Transitive)'' and categorises all the same.

{| class="wikitable"
! Label !! Shorthand !! Category
|-
! colspan="3" | Verbs
|-
| <code>transitive</code> || <code>tr</code> || ''Lang'' transitive verbs
|-
| <code>intransitive</code> || <code>intr</code> || ''Lang'' intransitive verbs
|-
| <code>ambitransitive</code> || || ''Lang'' ambitransitive verbs
|-
| <code>ditransitive</code> || <code>ditr</code> || ''Lang'' ditransitive verbs
|-
| <code>ergative</code> || || ''Lang'' ergative verbs
|-
| <code>reflexive</code> || || ''Lang'' reflexive verbs
|-
| <code>impersonal</code> || || ''Lang'' impersonal verbs
|-
| <code>copulative</code> || || ''Lang'' copulative verbs
|-
| <code>auxiliary</code> || || ''Lang'' auxiliary verbs
|-
| <code>modal</code> || || ''Lang'' modal verbs
|-
| <code>causative</code> || || ''Lang'' causative verbs
|-
| <code>deponent</code> || || ''Lang'' deponent verbs
|-
| <code>pronominal</code> || || ''Lang'' pronominal verbs
|-
| <code>reciprocal</code> || || ''Lang'' reciprocal verbs
|-
! colspan="3" | Nouns
|-
| <code>countable</code> || <code>count</code> || ''Lang'' countable nouns
|-
| <code>uncountable</code> || <code>uncount</code> || ''Lang'' uncountable nouns
|-
| <code>collective</code> || || ''Lang'' collective nouns
|-
| <code>singular only</code> || || ''Lang'' singular-only nouns
|-
| <code>plural only</code> || || ''Lang'' plural-only nouns
|-
| <code>attributive</code> || || ''Lang'' attributive terms
|-
! colspan="3" | Adjectives
|-
| <code>comparable</code> || || ''Lang'' comparable adjectives
|-
| <code>not comparable</code> || || ''Lang'' uncomparable adjectives
|-
| <code>predicative</code> || || ''Lang'' predicative-only terms
|-
! colspan="3" | Register and usage
|-
| <code>slang</code> || || ''Lang'' slang
|-
| <code>colloquial</code> || <code>colloq</code> || ''Lang'' colloquialisms
|-
| <code>informal</code> || || ''Lang'' informal terms
|-
| <code>formal</code> || || ''Lang'' formal terms
|-
| <code>vulgar</code> || || ''Lang'' vulgarities
|-
| <code>derogatory</code> || <code>derog</code> || ''Lang'' derogatory terms
|-
| <code>offensive</code> || || ''Lang'' offensive terms
|-
| <code>slur</code> || || ''Lang'' slurs
|-
| <code>euphemistic</code> || <code>euph</code> || ''Lang'' euphemisms
|-
| <code>dysphemistic</code> || || ''Lang'' dysphemisms
|-
| <code>humorous</code> || <code>hum</code> || ''Lang'' humorous terms
|-
| <code>endearing</code> || || ''Lang'' terms of endearment
|-
| <code>familiar</code> || || ''Lang'' familiar terms
|-
| <code>childish</code> || || ''Lang'' childish terms
|-
| <code>honorific</code> || || ''Lang'' honorifics
|-
| <code>humble</code> || || ''Lang'' humble terms
|-
| <code>polite</code> || || ''Lang'' polite terms
|-
| <code>solemn</code> || || ''Lang'' solemn terms
|-
| <code>poetic</code> || || ''Lang'' poetic terms
|-
| <code>literary</code> || || ''Lang'' literary terms
|-
| <code>journalistic</code> || || ''Lang'' journalistic terms
|-
| <code>technical</code> || || ''Lang'' technical terms
|-
| <code>rustic</code> || || ''Lang'' rustic terms
|-
| <code>proscribed</code> || || ''Lang'' proscribed terms
|-
| <code>nonstandard</code> || || ''Lang'' nonstandard terms
|-
| <code>dialectal</code> || || ''Lang'' dialectal terms
|-
! colspan="3" | Temporal
|-
| <code>archaic</code> || <code>arch</code> || ''Lang'' archaic terms
|-
| <code>dated</code> || || ''Lang'' dated terms
|-
| <code>obsolete</code> || <code>obs</code> || ''Lang'' obsolete terms
|-
| <code>historical</code> || || ''Lang'' historical terms
|-
| <code>rare</code> || || ''Lang'' rare terms
|-
| <code>uncommon</code> || || ''Lang'' uncommon terms
|-
| <code>neologism</code> || || ''Lang'' neologisms
|-
! colspan="3" | Word formation
|-
| <code>abbreviation</code> || || ''Lang'' abbreviations
|-
| <code>acronym</code> || || ''Lang'' acronyms
|-
| <code>initialism</code> || || ''Lang'' initialisms
|-
| <code>contraction</code> || || ''Lang'' contractions
|-
| <code>onomatopoeia</code> || || ''Lang'' onomatopoeias
|-
| <code>misspelling</code> || || ''Lang'' misspellings
|-
| <code>eye dialect</code> || || ''Lang'' eye dialect
|}

One further shorthand, <code>fig</code>, expands to <code>figurative</code>, which is not a categorising label.

A label absent from the table is shown exactly as typed and adds no category, so domain tags such as <code>nautical</code> or <code>botany</code> and semantic qualifiers such as <code>figurative</code> or <code>idiomatic</code> work without any entry here. The categorising set is deliberately partial and is meant to grow as the category scheme is settled; it is curated from Wiktionary's label data, keeping the universal linguistic labels — valency, register, temporal, word formation — and leaving out the topical and regional domains.

Categories are added only when the code resolves in [[Module:Languages]]; an unknown or missing code still displays the labels, uncategorised. The module adds membership only — it does not create the category description pages, and most of the categories above are as yet empty.

For the division of labour between a per-sense label and the per-word <code>register</code> field of <code><nowiki>{{head}}</nowiki></code>, see [[Template:Lb]].

Module:Head/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:49 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Head]], the headword-line renderer for the Yezur wiki's Dictionary. It is not called directly: [[Template:Head]] invokes it with <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Head|head|code|pos|head=…|class=…}}</nowiki></code>, placed directly beneath a part-of-speech heading in an entry. The language name and the leading asterisk carried by reconstructed languages are read from the registry in [[Module:Languages]], which also backs <code><nowiki>{{l}}</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>{{m}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{d}}</nowiki></code>, so all four agree on how a language is named and written.

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>1</code> || The language's registry code, such as <code>YAQ-HE</code> or <code>YBS-PJ</code>. Case is normalised to upper case before lookup. A code absent from the registry stands in for the language name in the category names, in upper case, and carries no asterisk.
|-
| <code>2</code> || The part of speech, normalised to lower case: <code>noun</code>, <code>verb</code>, <code>adjective</code>, <code>verb form</code> and so on. It supplies the category names and is not itself displayed.
|-
| <code>head</code> || The headword form. Defaults to the page name without its namespace prefix when omitted, which is the usual case; it is given explicitly where the page name and the citation form differ.
|-
| <code>class</code> || An inflection class from the table below. A class the language and part of speech do not define is ignored, and the headword renders as though none had been given.
|}

Surrounding whitespace is trimmed from all four. The remaining parameters of [[Template:Head]] — <code>gloss</code>, <code>register</code>, <code>etym_type</code>, <code>etym_source</code> and <code>notes</code> — never reach the module. They feed the <code>Lexemes</code> Cargo row, which the template files itself.

== Output ==

The module returns the headword in bold, preceded by <code>*</code> when the registry marks the language as reconstructed, then the note for a recognised inflection class, then the categories. A noun class shows its gender abbreviation and, where the class has one, an italic declension label; a verb class shows its conjugation label alone. So <code><nowiki>{{head|YAQ-HE|noun|class=F|head=αβισι}}</nowiki></code> gives '''αβισι''' f, and <code><nowiki>{{head|YAQ-HE|verb|class=IS}}</nowiki></code> gives the page name in bold followed by (''IS-class'').

== Inflection classes ==

Classes are defined in the module, by registry code and then by part of speech. Only the languages below have them; for every other language <code>class</code> has no effect.

{| class="wikitable"
! Language !! Part of speech !! <code>class</code> !! Shown after the headword !! Class category
|-
| rowspan="4" | Middle Airananwe (<code>YAR-AI</code>) || rowspan="4" | noun || <code>M1</code> || m (''first-declension'') || Middle Airananwe first-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>M2</code> || m (''second-declension'') || Middle Airananwe second-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>F1</code> || f (''first-declension'') || Middle Airananwe first-declension feminine nouns
|-
| <code>F2</code> || f (''second-declension'') || Middle Airananwe second-declension feminine nouns
|-
| rowspan="8" | Gaillean (<code>YAQ-GA</code>) || rowspan="8" | noun || <code>M1</code> || m (''first-declension'') || Gaillean first-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>M2</code> || m (''second-declension'') || Gaillean second-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>MX</code> || m (''irregular'') || Gaillean irregular masculine nouns
|-
| <code>F</code> || f || Gaillean feminine nouns
|-
| <code>FX</code> || f (''irregular'') || Gaillean irregular feminine nouns
|-
| <code>N1</code> || n (''first-declension'') || Gaillean first-declension neuter nouns
|-
| <code>N2</code> || n (''second-declension'') || Gaillean second-declension neuter nouns
|-
| <code>NX</code> || n (''irregular'') || Gaillean irregular neuter nouns
|-
| rowspan="5" | Ancient Hertic (<code>YAQ-HE</code>) || rowspan="5" | noun || <code>M1</code> || m (''first-declension'') || Ancient Hertic first-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>M2</code> || m (''second-declension'') || Ancient Hertic second-declension masculine nouns
|-
| <code>F</code> || f || Ancient Hertic feminine nouns
|-
| <code>N1</code> || n (''first-declension'') || Ancient Hertic first-declension neuter nouns
|-
| <code>N2</code> || n (''second-declension'') || Ancient Hertic second-declension neuter nouns
|-
| rowspan="2" | Ancient Hertic (<code>YAQ-HE</code>) || rowspan="2" | verb || <code>IS</code> || (''IS-class'') || Ancient Hertic IS-class verbs
|-
| <code>OO</code> || (''OO-class'') || Ancient Hertic OO-class verbs
|}

== Categories ==

Nothing is categorised when the language code is empty; the module then returns the bold headword alone.

With a code and a part of speech, the page is filed under ''<Language> <part of speech, pluralised>'' — ''Pjany adjectives'', ''Ancient Hertic nouns''. Plurals are formed in English: a final <code>y</code> not preceded by a vowel becomes <code>ies</code>, an ending in <code>s</code>, <code>x</code>, <code>z</code>, <code>ch</code> or <code>sh</code> takes <code>es</code>, and everything else takes <code>s</code>; <code>part of speech</code> is special-cased to ''parts of speech''.

A second category records lemma status, and is filed whether or not a part of speech is given. A part of speech whose name contains a space followed by <code>form</code>, such as <code>verb form</code>, files the page under ''<Language> non-lemma forms''; anything else, an omitted part of speech included, files it under ''<Language> lemmas''. A recognised inflection class adds the class category from the table above, alongside the plain part-of-speech category rather than instead of it.

Module:Gaillean/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:48 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Gaillean]], the noun-declension module for [[Gaillean language|Gaillean]] (<code>YAQ-GA</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:YAQ-GA-decl]] is a bare <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Gaillean|decl}}</nowiki></code> and the module reads the template's own parameters from the parent frame, so a Dictionary entry writes <code><nowiki>{{YAQ-GA-decl|class=F}}</nowiki></code> under its declension heading. The module returns a wikitable of five cases — nominative, genitive, dative, accusative and vocative — in columns headed SG and PL.

Forms are built by concatenation from the citation form. The module does not call [[Module:Auphen]]; the Gaillean sound data at [[Module:Auphen/YAQ-GA]] serves the entry's pronunciation line instead.

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>word</code> (or <code>1</code>) || The citation form to decline. Defaults to the page name when omitted, which is how entries use it.
|-
| <code>class</code> (or <code>2</code>) || The noun class, in the letters recorded on the entry's <code><nowiki>{{head}}</nowiki></code> line. Required; an unrecognised value returns an error message in place of the table.
|-
| <code>stem</code> || The stem of an irregular noun, the form in ''-r'' its other forms are built on. Read only for classes <code>MX</code>, <code>FX</code> and <code>NX</code>, where it takes precedence over the module's own table of stems.
|-
| <code>nopl</code> || Any non-empty value suppresses the plural, whose cells are then filled with a dash. For nouns with a unique referent.
|}

== Regular classes ==

The classes below decline by rule, each tied to the ending of the citation form. The module removes that ending and adds the endings given here; a lemma that does not carry its class's ending returns an error rather than a table. Singular and plural are given in that order.

{| class="wikitable"
! Class !! Lemma in !! NOM !! GEN !! DAT !! ACC !! VOC
|-
| <code>F</code> || ''-a'' || ''-a'' / ''-ar'' || ''-an'' / ''-aori'' || ''-ae'' / ''-uz'' || ''-as'' / ''-ax'' || ''-a'' / ''-a''
|-
| <code>M1</code> || ''-e'' || ''-e'' / ''-o'' || ''-in'' / ''-ori'' || ''-i'' / ''-uz'' || ''-ez'' / ''-orz'' || bare stem / ''-or''
|-
| <code>M2</code> || ''-at'' || ''-at'' / ''-o'' || ''-ant'' / ''-ori'' || ''-i'' / ''-on'' || ''-ats'' / ''-ae'' || ''-a'' / ''-o''
|-
| <code>N1</code> || ''-uz'' || ''-uz'' / ''-ia'' || ''-uzn'' / ''-iari'' || ''-i'' / ''-ibhi'' || ''-uz'' / ''-ia'' || ''-u'' / ''-i''
|-
| <code>N2</code> || ''-u'' || ''-u'' / ''-ur'' || ''-un'' / ''-uri'' || ''-i'' / ''-uri'' || ''-u'' / ''-ur'' || ''-u'' / ''-ur''
|-
| <code>NP</code> || ''-o'' || ''-o'' || ''-on'' || ''-i'' || ''-o'' || ''-o''
|}

Class <code>NP</code> is a one-off: it follows <code>N2</code> with ''-o'' wherever that class has ''-u'', and has no plural at all, the plural cells being dashed without <code>nopl</code>. It is carried at present only by [[Dictionary:Thaemo|Thaemo]].

== Irregular classes ==

Classes <code>MX</code>, <code>FX</code> and <code>NX</code> do not decline from the citation form, and differ from one another only in the gender they record: the module declines all three alike. They decline from a stem in ''-r'', taken from <code>stem</code> or, failing that, from the module's own table of 44 stems keyed by lemma; where neither supplies one the module returns an error. No entry passes <code>stem</code> at present, so every irregular relies on the table. Several of its stems belong to transparent compounds and repeat the stem of the head noun, so ''velna-aevr'' takes ''velna-aetover'' beside ''aevr'' → ''aetover''.

The nominative singular is the citation form itself and the nominative plural the bare stem. The other singulars are built on a shortened stem — the stem less its final ''-r'' and the vowel before it — and take ''-un'', ''-i'', ''-as'' and ''-i'' for genitive, dative, accusative and vocative. The genitive, dative and accusative plurals are built on the stem less its final ''-r'' and take ''-tri'', ''-z'' and ''-ter''; the vocative plural takes ''-ia'' on the shortened stem. Thus ''aevr'', stem ''aetover'': gen. sg. ''aetovun'', dat. sg. ''aetovi'', acc. sg. ''aetovas'', voc. sg. ''aetovi''; nom. pl. ''aetover'', gen. pl. ''aetovetri'', dat. pl. ''aetovez'', acc. pl. ''aetoveter'', voc. pl. ''aetovia''.

<code>nopl</code> is honoured by the regular classes only; the irregular classes build their plural on a separate branch and ignore it. All three failure cases — an unknown class, a lemma without its class's ending, and an irregular noun with no stem on record — are returned as a <code>class="error"</code> span in place of the table.

Module:Besoh/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:47 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Besoh]], the inflection and estimated-pronunciation module for [[Besoh language|Besoh]] (registry code <code>YCQ-BE</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:YCQ-BE-decl]] invokes <code>decl</code> for the noun table and [[Template:YCQ-BE-conj]] invokes <code>conj</code> for the verb table, each with <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Besoh|…}}</nowiki></code>. Both build every form from one headword and print an estimated pronunciation beneath each. The paradigms are those set out at [[Dictionary:About Besoh]].

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>word</code> || The headword the table is built from. Defaults to the page name, which is what entries rely on; set it only where the page name is not the citation form.
|-
| <code>1</code> || The same, given positionally. <code>word</code> takes precedence.
|}

Both are read from the calling template's arguments, not from <code>#invoke</code>: a value passed straight to <code>#invoke</code> is ignored and the page name used instead.

== Noun forms ==

<code>decl</code> prints a wikitable of the bare, dative and locative forms in singular and plural.

{| class="wikitable"
! Cell !! Ending !! Derivation
|-
| Plural || <code>-u</code>, after a vowel <code>-'u</code> || A final ''e'' or ''o'' is absorbed into the ending (''medo'' → ''medu''); other vowel-final stems take the glottal (''śizu'' → ''śizu'u''); consonants and the glottal take plain <code>-u</code> (''san'' → ''sanu'', ''ho''' → ''ho'u'').
|-
| Dative || <code>bi</code> || The postposition, written solid with the noun (''gisbobi'', ''gisbubi'').
|-
| Locative singular || <code>-on</code>, after a vowel <code>-'on</code> || ''sanon'', ''ña'on''.
|-
| Locative plural || — || The locative of the plural, with the sequence <code>'u'</code> reduced to <code>'</code>. Where the plural ends in <code>-'u</code>, the plural locative therefore falls together with the singular (''śizu'on'' is both); elsewhere the two stay distinct (''sanu'on'' beside ''sanon'').
|}

Every cell links to <code>Dictionary:''form''#Besoh</code> except the citation form, which is left unlinked.

== Verb forms ==

<code>conj</code> prints a wikitable of the stative and the perfect, and of the two combined.

{| class="wikitable"
! Cell !! Ending !! Derivation
|-
| Stative || <code>-va</code> || ''humva'', ''serva''.
|-
| Perfect || <code>va'</code> || The particle preposed as a separate word: ''va' hum''.
|-
| Perfect stative || <code>va'</code> and <code>-va</code> || The particle before the stative: ''va' humva''.
|}

The plain–plain cell is a dash. The stative is linked; the two perfect cells are phrases of two words and are not.

== Estimated pronunciation ==

Besoh spelling is conservative, so each form in the tables is passed through the module's own rendering of the spoken laws. Letters not listed have their face values.

{| class="wikitable"
! Letters !! Sounds
|-
| <code>ś ź</code> || ʃ ʒ
|-
| <code>c j</code> || ʦ ʣ
|-
| <code>ñ</code> || ɲ
|-
| <code>n</code> || ŋ
|-
| <code>ĥ ĝ</code> || x ɣ
|-
| <code>ǵ</code> || ʁ
|-
| <code>'</code> || ʔ
|-
| <code>ä ë ï ö ü</code> || aː eː iː oː uː
|}

The following then apply, in this order.

{| class="wikitable"
! Change !! Example
|-
| ''iu'' becomes /y/ || ''kovĥiu'' /kɔvçy/
|-
| ''ĥ'' becomes /ç/ before ''i'', ''e'' and /y/ || ''kovĥiu'' /kɔvçy/
|-
| A final ''n'' is dropped, leaving nasality on the vowel before it; it survives under suffixation || ''san'' /sã/, ''sanu'' /saŋu/
|-
| A final ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' is a catch on the vowel, /ˀ/; elsewhere it stays /ʔ/ || ''sagobbe''' /saɣɔbbeˀ/, ''ña'on'' /ɲaʔõ/
|-
| ''b d g'' become /β ð ɣ/ between vowels || ''gisbobi'' /gizboβi/
|-
| ''e o'' become /ɛ ɔ/ in a closed syllable, that is before two consonants or before one at the end || ''hev'' /hɛf/, ''sagobbe''' /saɣɔbbeˀ/
|-
| A final ''e'' or ''o'' becomes /əː/, where a vowel stands earlier in the word and the ''e'' or ''o'' does not follow a vowel or a long vowel directly || ''medo'' /meðəː/
|-
| Obstruents assimilate voicing regressively || ''keśva'' /kɛʒva/, ''gisbu'' /gizbu/
|-
| A final obstruent devoices || ''hev'' /hɛf/
|}

Stress is not estimated. The laws that key on the end of the word are applied to the end of the whole string, so in the two-word perfect they reach the second word only and the particle is printed /vaʔ/ rather than the /vaˀ/ it would have alone.

The module does not call [[Module:Auphen]]: it carries the laws above in Lua of its own. The same laws are held as data at [[Module:Auphen/YCQ-BE]], which is what <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YCQ-BE}}</nowiki></code> reads for the Pronunciation line of an entry, and which records that the two must be kept in step. That page declares no named rulesets, so Besoh inflection is generated here rather than by a sound-change derivation; engine behaviour and its divergences are logged at [[Module talk:Auphen]].

The single-form functions <code>_plural</code>, <code>_dative</code>, <code>_locative</code>, <code>_loc_pl</code>, <code>_stative</code>, <code>_perfect</code> and <code>_pron</code> are exported for calling from other modules. Each takes and returns a plain string, so none of them can be reached through <code>#invoke</code>.

Module:Auphen/sandbox/frame/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:46 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/sandbox/frame]], a working copy of [[Module:Auphen/frame]], the template-facing wrapper around the [[Module:Auphen|Auphen]] sound engine. It is a test rig rather than production code: no article, entry or template should depend on it, and its output is not evidence of what the live engine does.

It differs from the live frame in two places only — its header comment, and the <code>require</code>, which names [[Module:Auphen/sandbox]] in place of [[Module:Auphen]]. A candidate engine placed in the sandbox can therefore be driven through the same wrapper as the live one and the two compared side by side before the candidate is promoted. The per-language data pages it reads are the live ones at <code>Module:Auphen/<code></code>; there are no sandbox copies of those. When the live frame changes, this copy has to be brought back into step with it by hand.

[[Template:Auphen]] invokes the live frame, so <code><nowiki>{{auphen}}</nowiki></code> never reaches this module. It is called directly, and exports nothing beyond the two entry points below:

: <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/sandbox/frame|auphen|word|code|ruleset}}</nowiki></code>
: <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/sandbox/frame|raw|word|code|ruleset}}</nowiki></code>

<code>auphen</code> formats the result: an estimated pronunciation is wrapped in slashes and marked up as IPA, while a named ruleset returns plain text. <code>raw</code> returns the engine's output unformatted, which is what a comparison table wants.

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>1</code> || The word, in the language's orthography. Required. It is passed to the engine unaltered; a <code>~</code> is a word boundary handled there rather than here, each part being run as its own word.
|-
| <code>2</code> || The language registry code, such as <code>YAQ-HE</code> or <code>YBS-PJ</code>. Required. It is upper-cased before the matching <code>Module:Auphen/<code></code> data page is loaded.
|-
| <code>3</code> || The name of a ruleset from that data page's <code>sets</code> table. Left empty, the module runs the page's <code>pronounce</code> ruleset instead and marks the result as an estimate.
|}

All three are trimmed of surrounding whitespace. For an estimate the engine is built from the data page's <code>ipacats</code> (falling back to <code>cats</code>) together with its <code>ipa_rules</code>; for a named ruleset it is built from <code>cats</code> (falling back to <code>ipacats</code>) and no spelling rules are applied.

A missing word, a missing code, a code with no data page, or a ruleset name absent from <code>sets</code> yields an error rather than a script failure. <code>auphen</code> shows the message as an error span prefixed <code>Auphen:</code> and files the calling page into [[:Category:Auphen errors]] — the live maintenance category, which a failing sandbox call will populate like any other; <code>raw</code> returns the message prefixed <code>ERROR:</code>.

Data pages are loaded with <code>require</code> rather than <code>mw.loadData</code>, because the read-only proxy <code>mw.loadData</code> returns does not enumerate nested tables under <code>pairs()</code>, which would hide the category members; the frame then copies the category tables into plain Lua tables before handing them to the engine. [[Template:Auphen/testcases]] holds the acceptance tests against the live frame, and the same rows can be pointed at this module to measure a candidate against them. The engine's design notes and behaviour log are on [[Module talk:Auphen]].

Module:Auphen/sandbox/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:44 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/sandbox]], a working copy of [[Module:Auphen]], the sound-change engine of the Yezur wiki. It is a test rig rather than a live component: no article, dictionary entry or template renders through it, and it should not be relied on. It holds whatever candidate engine was last placed here, which may be ahead of the live module, behind it, or at odds with it.

An engine change is drafted on this page, run beside the live version over the languages it touches, and only then copied to [[Module:Auphen]]. The candidate placed here on 2026-08-26 — category-wide numbering of <code>@</code> instances, and backtracking in local context matching — was promoted the same day. The two pages are not kept in step automatically, so compare their histories before treating this one as current.

== Invocation ==

The sandbox is not called from wikitext directly: it returns a plain Lua table with no frame-taking functions. [[Module:Auphen/sandbox/frame]] is a copy of [[Module:Auphen/frame]] whose <code>require</code> points here, and it carries the same <code>auphen</code> and <code>raw</code> entry points, so the same call can be put to the candidate and to the live engine and the two outputs compared:

: <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/sandbox/frame|raw|word|YAQ-HE}}</nowiki></code>
: <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/frame|raw|word|YAQ-HE}}</nowiki></code>

Sound data is shared, not copied: the sandbox frame loads the same per-language pages ([[Module:Auphen/YAQ-HE]] and its siblings) as the live frame, so the engine is the only difference between the two results. Cases that have been accepted belong on [[Template:Auphen/testcases]], which calls the live frame.

== Interface ==

The Lua interface is that of the live module.

{| class="wikitable"
! Name !! Purpose
|-
| <code>Auphen.new(categories, ipa_rules, opts)</code> || Builds an engine. <code>categories</code> maps bracketed names such as <code>[C]</code> to their members in declaration order; <code>ipa_rules</code> is the spelling-to-sound text, one <code>spelling/sound</code> pair to a line; <code>opts</code> is optional.
|-
| <code>eng:run(ruleset, input, toIpa)</code> || Runs <code>ruleset</code> over <code>input</code> and returns the result. With <code>toIpa</code> set, the input is lower-cased, its punctuation normalised and <code>ipa_rules</code> applied first. Spaces and <code>~</code> divide the input into words, each derived with its own word edges.
|-
| <code>eng:run_word(ruleset, word)</code> || Runs the ruleset over a single word; the result takes the capitalisation of the input — all lower case, all upper case, or an initial capital. Returns the derived word and a trace giving, for each rule line, the rule, the output after it and whether it fired.
|-
| <code>eng.warnings</code> || The warnings raised while loading categories and while expanding and resolving rules.
|-
| <code>opts.explodeCap</code> || The ceiling on the number of alternatives a rule segment's categories may expand to, 5,000,000 by default. A segment above it is dropped with a warning, so the rule matches nothing.
|-
| <code>opts.dashToSpace</code> || When set, every <code>-</code> left in the finished word is rendered as a space.
|}

Neither option is set by the two frames, so calls made from wikitext run at the defaults. The rule notation the engine reads is summarised in the header comment of the module itself. Design notes, the behaviour log and the record of divergences are on [[Module talk:Auphen]] and are not repeated here.

Module:Auphen/frame/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:43 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/frame]], the template-facing wrapper around [[Module:Auphen]] for the Yezur wiki. It is not normally invoked by hand: [[Template:Auphen]] calls it as <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/frame|auphen|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}}}</nowiki></code>, so that <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|code}}</nowiki></code> estimates a pronunciation and <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|code|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> runs a named derivation ruleset. The wrapper holds no linguistic data of its own; it loads the per-language sound data page for the code given, builds an engine from it, runs the requested ruleset and formats the result.

== Parameters ==

Both entry points take the same three positional parameters, each trimmed of surrounding whitespace.

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>1</code> || The word, in the language's own orthography. Required.
|-
| <code>2</code> || The language registry code, e.g. <code>YBS-PJ</code> (see [[Module:Languages]]). Required. It is upper-cased and used to load the data page <code>Module:Auphen/</code>''CODE'', so <code>ybs-pj</code> resolves as well.
|-
| <code>3</code> || The name of a ruleset in that data page's <code>sets</code> table, matched exactly, case included. Left empty or omitted, the module estimates pronunciation instead.
|}

== Entry points ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Function !! Output
|-
| <code>auphen</code> || The formatted result: an estimate wrapped as <code><nowiki><span class="IPA">/…/</span></nowiki></code>, a ruleset result as plain text. On failure it emits a bold inline <code>Auphen:</code> error message and files the calling page into [[:Category:Auphen errors]].
|-
| <code>raw</code> || The engine's bare output, without slashes, markup or categorisation; on failure the plain text <code>ERROR: </code>''message'', again uncategorised. Used by [[Template:Auphen/testcases]] to compare output against hand-checked expectations, and by any caller that wants the segments alone.
|}

== Behaviour ==

The two modes read different halves of the data page. Without a ruleset the engine is built from <code>ipacats</code> (falling back to <code>cats</code>) together with <code>ipa_rules</code>, and the <code>pronounce</code> ruleset is run in the engine's sound mode: the word is lower-cased and converted through <code>ipa_rules</code> from spelling to sound before the rules apply, so the result is in sounds. A data page carrying no <code>pronounce</code> is not an error; an empty ruleset is run, leaving the output of <code>ipa_rules</code> alone. With a ruleset the engine is built from <code>cats</code> (falling back to <code>ipacats</code>) and no <code>ipa_rules</code>, and the named ruleset is run on the word as written, so the result stays in the orthography.

Data pages are pulled in with <code>require</code> rather than <code>mw.loadData</code>, because the read-only proxy <code>mw.loadData</code> returns does not enumerate nested tables under <code>pairs()</code> in Lua 5.1, which would hide the category members. Each category is copied into a plain table before it is handed to the engine.

Four conditions produce an error: an empty word, an empty code, a code whose <code>Module:Auphen/</code>''CODE'' page is missing or does not return a table, and a ruleset name absent from that page's <code>sets</code>. The word itself is passed through untouched, so a <code>~</code> word split is resolved by the engine, not here. The engine's rule syntax, design notes and divergence log live on [[Module talk:Auphen]]; [[Module:Auphen/sandbox/frame]] is the same wrapper pointed at [[Module:Auphen/sandbox]], for testing a candidate engine side by side with the live one.

Module:Auphen/YCQ-BE/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:42 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YCQ-BE]], the sound data for [[Besoh language|Besoh]] (registry code <code>YCQ-BE</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It holds no code and is not invoked directly: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads it whenever [[Template:Auphen|<code><nowiki>{{auphen}}</nowiki></code>]] is called with the code <code>YCQ-BE</code>, and hands its tables to the engine, [[Module:Auphen]]. Thus <code><nowiki>{{auphen|Bëson|YCQ-BE}}</nowiki></code>, the language's own name, gives <code>/beːsõ/</code>.

== Tables ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Key !! Contents
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || The category sets the rules quantify over, written in the sounds the transposition produces.
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The initial transposition, mapping the letters of the romanisation to sounds.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The ordered ruleset that turns a transposed spelling into an estimated pronunciation.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || Named derivation rulesets. Empty for Besoh; see below.
|}

== Categories ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Category !! Members !! Scope
|-
| <code>[B]</code> || a, e, i, o, u || The five short oral vowels.
|-
| <code>[T]</code> || ã, ẽ, ĩ, õ, ũ || The five nasal vowels.
|-
| <code>[F]</code> || i, e, y, iː, eː || The front vowels.
|-
| <code>[A]</code> || a, e, i, o, u, aː, eː, iː, oː, uː, y, ɛ, ɔ || The oral vowels: the five short, their long counterparts, and /y/, /ɛ/ and /ɔ/, which arise only from a rule. The nasal vowels are not members.
|-
| <code>[C]</code> || p, b, t, d, k, g, q, ʦ, ʣ, f, v, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, x, ɣ, ʁ, h, m, ɲ, ŋ, r, l, β, ð, ç || The consonants, including /β/, /ð/ and /ç/, which arise only from a rule. The glottal stop is not a member.
|-
| <code>[U]</code> || p, t, k, f, s, ʃ, ʦ, x || The eight voiceless obstruents that have a voiced counterpart. /q/, /h/ and /ç/ stand outside the set and so take no part in the voicing rules.
|-
| <code>[M]</code> || b, d, g, v, z, ʒ, ʣ, ɣ || The matching voiced obstruents.
|}

Members are declared in order and a category-to-category change maps by position, which is why <code>[T]</code> follows the order of <code>[B]</code>, and <code>[M]</code> that of <code>[U]</code>.

== Orthography ==

<code>ipa_rules</code> is applied once, to the lower-cased word, before the ruleset runs; keys are tried longest first, though every key here is a single letter. Fifteen letters take a value other than themselves.

{| class="wikitable"
! Letter !! Sound !! Letter !! Sound
|-
| <code>ä</code> || aː || <code>ñ</code> || ɲ
|-
| <code>ë</code> || eː || <code>n</code> || ŋ
|-
| <code>ï</code> || iː || <code>ĥ</code> || x
|-
| <code>ö</code> || oː || <code>ĝ</code> || ɣ
|-
| <code>ü</code> || uː || <code>ǵ</code> || ʁ
|-
| <code>ś</code> || ʃ || <code>c</code> || ʦ
|-
| <code>ź</code> || ʒ || <code>j</code> || ʣ
|-
| <code>'</code> || ʔ || ||
|}

The table also carries identity rules for the twenty plain letters <code>a</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>d</code>, <code>e</code>, <code>f</code>, <code>g</code>, <code>h</code>, <code>i</code>, <code>k</code>, <code>l</code>, <code>m</code>, <code>o</code>, <code>p</code>, <code>q</code>, <code>r</code>, <code>s</code>, <code>t</code>, <code>u</code>, <code>v</code> and <code>z</code>; a character with no rule of its own passes through unchanged.

The nasal written <code>n</code> is velar and the one written <code>ñ</code> palatal; there is no alveolar nasal in the inventory. The romanisation has no <code>w</code>, <code>x</code> or <code>y</code>: /x/ arises only as the value of <code>ĥ</code>, and /y/ only from the sequence <code>iu</code>.

== Pronunciation ==

Besoh spelling is conservative of an earlier stage of the language, so the transposed form stands some way from the spoken one; the <code>pronounce</code> ruleset supplies the difference. Its lines apply in the order written, and their notation is the engine's (see [[Module talk:Auphen]]).

{| class="wikitable"
! Rules !! Effect
|-
| <code><nowiki>iu/y</nowiki></code> || The sequence <code>iu</code> is read as the single vowel /y/.
|-
| <code><nowiki>x/ç/_[F]</nowiki></code> || /x/ fronts to /ç/ before a front vowel.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[B]/[T]/_ŋ#</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>ŋ//[T]_#</nowiki></code> || A short vowel before word-final <code>n</code> nasalises, and the nasal is then lost: ''Bëson'' → /beːsõ/. A long vowel is unaffected, and the nasal stays.
|-
| <code><nowiki>ʔ/ˀ/[A]_#</nowiki></code> || A word-final glottal stop after a vowel weakens to glottalisation.
|-
| <code><nowiki>b/β/[A]_[A]</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>d/ð/[A]_[A]</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>g/ɣ/[A]_[A]</nowiki></code> || The voiced stops lenite to fricatives between vowels.
|-
| <code><nowiki>e/ɛ/_[C][C]|_[C]#</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>o/ɔ/_[C][C]|_[C]#</nowiki></code> || The mid vowels lower in a closed syllable, that is before two consonants or before a word-final one.
|-
| <code><nowiki>e/əː/[A][C]_#</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>e/əː/[A][C][C]_#</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>o/əː/[A][C]_#</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>o/əː/[A][C][C]_#</nowiki></code> || A final <code>e</code> or <code>o</code> standing after a vowel and one or two consonants becomes long /əː/.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[U]/[M]/_[M]</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>[M]/[U]/_[U]</nowiki></code> || Obstruents in contact agree in voicing, the second deciding.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[M]/[U]/_#</nowiki></code> || A word-final voiced obstruent devoices, after the assimilation has run.
|}

The ruleset is segmental only. Besoh stress falls on a heavy penult and otherwise on the antepenult, but it is not estimated and the output carries no stress mark.

== Rulesets ==

<code>sets</code> is empty, so the three-argument form <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YCQ-BE|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> has nothing to run and reports an unknown ruleset, filing the page in [[:Category:Auphen errors]]. Besoh grammatical forms are generated instead by [[Module:Besoh]], which backs [[Template:YCQ-BE-decl]] and [[Template:YCQ-BE-conj]] and carries its own copy of the rules above to gloss the forms in its tables. The two are separate implementations of one sound system: a change made here has to be made there as well.

Module:Auphen/YBS-PJ/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:41 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YBS-PJ]], the sound data for [[Pjany language|Pjany]] (registry code <code>YBS-PJ</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is pure data and defines no functions: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads it whenever [[Template:Auphen]] is called as <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YBS-PJ}}</nowiki></code> and hands its tables to [[Module:Auphen]], which does the work. The rule notation, and the engine's divergences from it, are documented on [[Module talk:Auphen]].

== Fields ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Contents
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || The category sets the ruleset works with, written <code><nowiki>[X]</nowiki></code>. They hold sounds, not letters, because they are read after the transposition. Pjany supplies <code>ipacats</code> only; [[Module:Auphen/frame]] falls back to a <code>cats</code> table where a language declares one for rulesets that operate on spelling.
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The transposition from spelling to sound, applied once before <code>pronounce</code> runs. It is passed to the engine in pronunciation estimation only, so a named ruleset from <code>sets</code> would see the orthography untransposed.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The ruleset used for pronunciation estimation.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || Named rulesets for grammar and derivation. Empty for Pjany.
|}

== Spelling and sound ==

The word is lower-cased before transposition, and the longest spelling that matches at a given point wins, so digraphs are read ahead of their component letters whatever order they stand in.

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Sound !! !! Spelling !! Sound
|-
| <code>a</code> || <code>a</code> || || <code>ae</code> || <code>æ:</code>
|-
| <code>e</code> || <code>ɛ</code> || || <code>ao</code> || <code>ɑ:</code>
|-
| <code>i</code> || <code>i</code> || || <code>au</code> || <code>ɐʊ</code>
|-
| <code>o</code> || <code>ɔ</code> || || <code>aú</code> || <code>ɑu</code>
|-
| <code>u</code> || <code>ə</code> || || <code>éi</code> || <code>eɪ</code>
|-
| <code>é</code> || <code>e</code> || || <code>ou</code> || <code>ɔə</code>
|-
| <code>ó</code> || <code>o</code> || || <code>oú</code> || <code>oʊ</code>
|-
| <code>ú</code> || <code>u</code> || || <code>ui</code> || <code>əɪ</code>
|-
| || || || <code>úi</code> || <code>ɥi</code>
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Sound !! !! Spelling !! Sound
|-
| <code>b</code> || <code>b</code> || || <code>n</code> || <code>n</code>
|-
| <code>d</code> || <code>d</code> || || <code>p</code> || <code>p</code>
|-
| <code>g</code> || <code>g</code> || || <code>q</code> || <code>q</code>
|-
| <code>h</code> || <code>h</code> || || <code>qh</code> || <code>q͡χ</code>
|-
| <code>k</code> || <code>k</code> || || <code>r</code> || <code>ɹ</code>
|-
| <code>l</code> || <code>l</code> || || <code>s</code> || <code>s</code>
|-
| <code>m</code> || <code>m</code> || || <code>t</code> || <code>t</code>
|-
| || || || <code>z</code> || <code>z</code>
|}

Two spellings carry no sound of their own. An apostrophe <code>'</code> geminates the consonant before it; a hyphen <code>-</code>, or an en dash <code>–</code>, marks a seam within a compound. Both are carried through the ruleset as digits, <code>4</code> and <code>5</code>, so that rules can see them: the <code>4</code> is dropped as soon as the doubling has applied, and the <code>5</code> becomes a <code>~</code> in the last rules, which [[Module:Auphen]] renders as a space. The digits <code>1</code>, <code>2</code> and <code>3</code> do the same work for palatalisation and <code>8</code> for vowel length; none survive to the output. Length is written <code>:</code> throughout the data and rewritten to <code>ː</code> by the last rule.

An <code>e</code> that stands before another vowel is not read as <code>ɛ</code> where it opens the word or follows a consonant: there the ruleset takes it as a palatal element, described below.

== Categories ==

Members are declared in order, and category-to-category mapping is positional, so the paired sets below line up member by member.

{| class="wikitable"
! Category !! Members !! Role
|-
| <code><nowiki>[V]</nowiki></code> || the vowel inventory, with the backed vowels of <code><nowiki>[B]</nowiki></code> appended || Vowel environments.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[C]</nowiki></code> || the consonant inventory, including the palatals, lenited velars and uvulars that later rules derive || Consonant environments.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[A]</nowiki></code> || <code>i e ɛ æ: æ a</code> || Front vowels.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[K]</nowiki></code> || <code>p b k g t d</code> || Plosives.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[R]</nowiki></code> || <code>r ʀ ɹ</code> || Rhotics.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[Q]</nowiki></code> → <code><nowiki>[B]</nowiki></code> || <code>i ɛ e ə a æ ɐ</code> → <code>ɯ ʌ ɤ o̞ ɑ ɑ ɑ</code> || Backing next to a uvular.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[H]</nowiki></code> → <code><nowiki>[J]</nowiki></code> || <code>s z l n t d p b h k g</code> → <code>ʃ ʒ ʎ ɲ tʃ dʒ ɸ β j x ɣ</code> || Palatalisation.
|-
| <code><nowiki>[W]</nowiki></code> → <code><nowiki>[Y]</nowiki></code> || <code>g k q</code> → <code>ɣ x x</code> || Lenition after a lateral.
|}

<code><nowiki>[V]</nowiki></code> holds vowels proper: the offglides <code>ɪ</code> and <code>ʊ</code> and the glide <code>ɥ</code> that the diphthongs bring in are not members, so a rule keyed on <code><nowiki>[V]</nowiki></code> does not match them.

== The pronunciation ruleset ==

<code>pronounce</code> applies the following, in this order.

{| class="wikitable"
! Process !! Effect
|-
| Seam breathing || A seam standing between two vowels takes an inserted <code>h</code>.
|-
| Gemination || A consonant before <code>'</code> is doubled and the <code>'</code> dropped. A glottal element is inserted between the two copies late in the ruleset, so <code>t'</code> surfaces as <code>tˀt</code>.
|-
| Palatalisation || The palatal element surfaces as <code>j</code> word-initially and as a <code>ʲ</code> diacritic after <code>ɹ</code> or <code>m</code>, with <code>ɹ</code> hardening to <code>r</code> before the diacritic. Before a front vowel a preceding plosive instead takes an inserted <code>j</code>, unless that vowel is itself followed by <code>q</code> or <code>qh</code>. Otherwise the preceding consonant shifts to its palatal counterpart, <code><nowiki>[H]</nowiki></code> → <code><nowiki>[J]</nowiki></code>. After <code>q</code> the element is dropped and the <code>q</code> held aside as a marker until the backing rule has run, so the following vowel does not back.
|-
| Uvular colouring || Beside <code>q</code> or <code>q͡χ</code>, front and central vowels back, <code><nowiki>[Q]</nowiki></code> → <code><nowiki>[B]</nowiki></code>.
|-
| Nasal assimilation || <code>n</code> becomes <code>m</code> before a labial, <code>ŋ</code> before a velar and <code>ɴ</code> before <code>q</code>.
|-
| Rhotic backing || <code>r</code> and <code>ɹ</code> become <code>ʀ</code> beside <code>q</code>.
|-
| Lenition after a lateral || <code>g k q</code> become <code>ɣ x x</code> after <code>l</code> or <code>ʎ</code>.
|-
| L-vocalisation || <code>l</code> becomes <code>ʊ</code> before <code>t d n s z</code> and <code>ə</code> before <code>p b m ɸ β</code>, in both cases only when no consonant-plus-vowel follows. A word-final <code>l</code> after a consonant takes a preceding <code>ə</code>.
|-
| R-vocalisation || A rhotic becomes <code>ə</code> after a front vowel when a consonant or the word end follows, and after <code>ə</code> when a consonant follows. An <code>ə</code> before a word-final rhotic opens to <code>ɔ</code>.
|-
| Final adjustments || <code>hə</code> becomes <code>x</code> except word-finally; <code>ɛə</code> becomes <code>ɛ:</code>; <code>ɥi</code> becomes <code>ɥʲ</code> before a vowel; and two identical vowels merge into one long vowel.
|}

A seam blocks adjacency, so rules that are meant to reach across one list it in their environments explicitly; the rest do not apply over it.

== Named rulesets ==

<code>sets</code> is empty: Pjany has no derivation rulesets yet, and the three-argument form <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YBS-PJ|name}}</nowiki></code> therefore reports an unknown ruleset and files the page into [[:Category:Auphen errors]].

Four worked Pjany estimations are checked on every parse at [[Template:Auphen/testcases]].

Module:Auphen/YAS-AI/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:40 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YAS-AI]], the sound data for [[Airananwe language|Airananwe]] (registry code <code>YAS-AI</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It holds no code of its own: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads it whenever a template names the code and hands its tables to the engine in [[Module:Auphen]]. <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAS-AI}}</nowiki></code> estimates a pronunciation; <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAS-AI|plural}}</nowiki></code> runs the named ruleset <code>plural</code> over the spelling and returns a spelling. [[Module:Airananwe]] loads the same page directly for the tables behind [[Template:YAS-AI-decl]] and [[Template:YAS-AI-conj]]. Rule syntax and engine behaviour belong to [[Module:Auphen]] and [[Module talk:Auphen]] and are not repeated here.

== Contents ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Contents
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || Category sets over sounds, used for the pronunciation estimate. <code>[B]</code> and <code>[P]</code> are a positional pair, the voiced obstruents against their voiceless counterparts; <code>[N]</code> holds the nasals; <code>[S]</code> holds the vowels that block the last rule of the stress pass.
|-
| <code>cats</code> || Category sets over spelling, used by the named rulesets. <code>[C]</code> and <code>[V]</code> are the consonant and vowel graphs, single letters and digraphs together; <code>[A]</code>, <code>[E]</code> and <code>[I]</code> sort the consonants by the vowel they take in the passive stem.
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The map from spelling to sound, applied before the pronunciation ruleset runs and not at all when a named ruleset is run.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The pronunciation ruleset, in twelve named passes.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || 130 named rulesets, all of them stem or word formation in the spelling.
|}

== Spelling to sound ==

<code>ipa_rules</code> is a map, not an ordered ruleset: the engine reads the word left to right and takes the longest key that matches, so the digraphs listed there are read before their letters. Six digraphs are absent — ''ch'', ''gh'', ''gn'', ''qu'', ''th'' and ''vh''. They arrive at <code>pronounce</code> as their separate letters and are settled there against their surroundings, which is where their conditional values live.

Several letters map to a working symbol rather than to a sound: ''c'' to <code>1</code>, ''x'' to <code>2</code>, ''y'' to <code>3</code>, ''q'' to <code>5</code>, ''i'' to <code>6</code>, ''á'' to <code>9</code>, ''j'' to <code>î</code>. Each has more than one value in the language, and the passes below decide which. The apostrophe and the hyphen are carried through as symbols in the same way, the hyphen so that rules can see the join in a bound adposition such as ''-erge'' or in the feminine ''-thai''. None of these symbols survives the last pass.

== Pronunciation ==

Each pass is opened by a line naming it — <code>vowels/vowels</code> and the like — which the engine applies as an ordinary rule and which leaves the word unchanged.

{| class="wikitable"
! Pass !! Purpose
|-
| <code>preprocess</code> || Resolves the held-back digraphs (''th'' [tv], ''vh'' [fʷ], ''gn'' [ɲ], ''ch'' [x] after a vowel at the end of a word and the alveolo-palatal elsewhere), settles ''c'' as [k] before a back vowel, a consonant or a word edge and as [z] at the start of a word, takes ''x'' to [z] in that same initial position, turns ''y'' and ''u'' into glides beside a vowel, and marks an unsounded final ''e''.
|-
| <code>letterq</code> || The values of ''q'': ''qu'' is [kʰ] before ''i'', [kju] before a consonant and [kw] before a vowel; bare ''q'' is the glottalised [kˀ] at a word edge or before a vowel, and [k] elsewhere.
|-
| <code>diphthongs</code> || Gathers the vowel sequences left by the mapping into single nuclei.
|-
| <code>theletterx</code> || The values of ''x'' — [kʃ], [ks] and [z] — by position.
|-
| <code>inversion</code> || Turns a final ''-re'', ''-ne'' or ''-le'' after a consonant around, giving [əɹ], [ɪ̃n] and [əl].
|-
| <code>vowels</code> || Vowel quality by position and by what follows, and the reduction to [ə] of an unsounded ''e'' that survives.
|-
| <code>consonants</code> || Consonant alternations: voiced obstruents devoiced before another obstruent and at the end of a word, ''gh'' and ''h'' to [x] in their environments, ''f'' to [v] after ''a'' or ''á'' except finally.
|-
| <code>finalizing</code> || Gives the remaining working symbols their sounds — ''j'' word-finally [dʒ], ''é'' [eː], ''á'' [aː] — and drops what is not sounded, the hyphen among it.
|-
| <code>vocalizations</code> || Palatalisation and labialisation beside a glide, and the nasalisation of a vowel before a final ''n'' or ''r''.
|-
| <code>prestress</code> || Encodes long vowels, nasal vowels and the two affricates as single symbols for the pass that follows.
|-
| <code>stress</code> || Places the stress mark.
|-
| <code>poststress</code> || Restores those symbols, and shifts every [ʃ] to [ɕ] and every [ʒ] to [ʑ], the alveolo-palatal series written ''ch'' and ''j''.
|}

== Named rulesets ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Ruleset !! Derives
|-
| <code>special</code> || The special stem. The final ''é'' is dropped, the stem vowel is replaced from a fixed table (''a'' to ''e'', ''é'' to ''ie'', ''ei'' to ''é'', ''o'' to ''u''), and the final consonant is softened (''t'' to ''d'', ''ch'' to ''j'', ''p'' to ''b'', ''s'' to ''ç'', ''l'' to ''lh''). ''naquité'' gives ''naquid''.
|-
| <code>passive</code> || The passive stem. The final ''é'' gives way to ''-av'', ''-ev'' or ''-iv'', the vowel chosen by the letter or digraph before it. ''naquité'' gives ''naquitiv''.
|-
| <code>plural</code> || The plural of a noun, formed from the shape of the singular rather than by one ending: ''rayes'' to ''rayers'', ''arch'' to ''archre'', ''nájy'' to ''nájier''.
|-
| <code>genitive</code> || The genitive, the suffixed postposition ''-enne'' and ''-nne'' after a vowel, which attaches to singular and plural alike. A final ''e'' is dropped before the ending unless two consonants or ''u'' stand before it, and a final vowel and ''r'' are inverted: ''aer'' gives ''arenne''.
|-
| <code>past-</code>''P'', <code>present-</code>''P'', <code>future-</code>''P'' || The three plain tenses, built on the citation form.
|-
| <code>nearpast-</code>''P'', <code>nearpresent-</code>''P'', <code>nearfuture-</code>''P'' || The same three tenses in their near grade, built on the special stem. The near future's endings open with ''-eng-'', ''-ng-'' after a vowel.
|-
| <code>passive-past-</code>''P'', <code>passive-present-</code>''P'', <code>passive-future-</code>''P'' || The passive of the three plain tenses, built on the passive stem and carrying the endings of the active.
|}

''P'' is one of <code>1sg</code>, <code>2sg</code>, <code>3sg</code>, <code>3sg-f</code>, <code>1p</code>, <code>2p</code> and <code>3p</code>, and every one of them has a negative twin whose name ends in a further <code>-neg</code>. That is 126 finite rulesets over nine tense-and-voice combinations, and 130 in the table altogether.

Every finite ruleset is self-contained: the near tenses repeat the whole of <code>special</code>, and the passives the whole of <code>passive</code>, ahead of their endings, so that each can be run on the citation form alone. The stem rules are therefore written out again down the file rather than shared, and a change to the special or passive stem has to be made in every ruleset that builds on it.

Two syncretisms are marked in the source as intended rather than as copying errors: the negative first person singular of the future is identical to the negative third person singular, in the active and the passive alike, though the affirmatives differ; and the near past does not distinguish first person plural from second, affirmative or negative, where every other tense does. These four are the only rulesets that repeat another word for word.

<code>cats</code> declares <code>[R]</code> and <code>[S]</code> as a positional pair holding the special stem's vowel change, but no ruleset in <code>sets</code> invokes either: the same seventeen correspondences are written out a line at a time in <code>special</code> and in each of the near tenses. The <code>[S]</code> that the stress pass uses is the separate sound-scope category of that name in <code>ipacats</code>.

The feminine marker ''thai'' is attached with a hyphen in the past and present series and with a space in the future and the near future; the engine treats a space as a word boundary and stresses each part on its own, so the two are not counted alike. An unknown ruleset name, or a code with no data page, files the calling page under [[:Category:Auphen errors]].

Module:Auphen/YAR-AI/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:38 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YAR-AI]], the sound data for [[Middle Airananwe language|Middle Airananwe]] (registry code <code>YAR-AI</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It contains no code: it returns a table of sound categories and rules which [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads and hands to the engine, [[Module:Auphen]]. It is reached through <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAR-AI}}</nowiki></code>, which returns an estimated pronunciation between slashes. The dictionary's practice for the language is set out at [[Dictionary:About Middle Airananwe]].

== Fields ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Purpose
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || The sound categories the rules refer to, written in sounds rather than letters. <code>[V]</code> and <code>[C]</code>, the vowels and the consonants, are used as environments; <code>[D]</code> the voiced obstruents and <code>[T]</code> their voiceless counterparts are the target and the change of the final-devoicing rule, mapped member for member in the order declared (<code>b d g v z ð ɣ ʑ ɟ</code> against <code>p t k f s θ x ɕ c</code>). <code>[V]</code> and <code>[C]</code> also list sounds the rules themselves produce, such as the laxed vowels and [ʀ], so that later rules still see them.
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The letter-to-sound mapping, applied left to right before the ruleset runs. The digraphs are listed first, and the engine takes the longest spelling that fits at each position, so a digraph is read before its component letters.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The pronunciation ruleset, run in the order written over the output of <code>ipa_rules</code>.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || Named rulesets for grammar forms. Empty for this language; see below.
|}

== Orthography ==

The mapping covers the letters ''a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v x y z''. Most carry their own value; the rest, with the digraphs, are:

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Sound
|-
| <code>aa ee ii oo uu</code> || the long vowels /aː eː iː oː uː/, carried through the mapping as ''ā ē ī ō ū'' and given their length mark by <code>pronounce</code>
|-
| <code>mb nd ng</code> || /ᵐb ⁿd ᵑg/
|-
| <code>bh gh ph th dh</code> || /β ɣ p͡ɸ θ ð/
|-
| <code>c ch</code> || /ʦ ʧ/
|-
| <code>ty dy ny ly sy zy ky gy</code> || /tʲ dʲ ɲ ʎ ɕ ʑ c ɟ/
|-
| <code>q gu</code> || /kʷ gʷ/
|-
| <code>x y</code> || /kʃ j/
|}

There are no rules for ''sh'' or ''j'': they are not part of the orthography, their work being done by ''sy'' and ''zy'', and the language accordingly has no /ʃ/ or /ʒ/. Outside the eight digraphs of the palatal series, ⟨y⟩ is left as the glide /j/ — ''vyala'' gives /vjala/. Because the longest spelling wins at each position, ⟨gu⟩ is taken before ⟨uu⟩ in ''guu'', which leaves a bare ⟨u⟩ for <code>pronounce</code> to lengthen.

== Pronunciation ==

<code>pronounce</code> supplies the allophony. The coronals ''t d s z n l'' palatalise before ''i'', short or long; ''n'' is [ŋ] before a velar; ''r'' is [ʀ] word-initially and [ɾ] between vowels, where ''h'' is likewise [ɦ]; the short vowels lax to [ɛ ɔ ɪ ʊ ä] before two consonants or before a word-final one, a prenasalised stop counting as a single consonant, so that ''embaa'' keeps its [e]; and ''e'' weakens to [ə] after a vowel and word-finally. A voiced obstruent is then made voiceless word-finally, which reaches the stop of a final prenasalised cluster as well (''kamb'' gives /käᵐp/). The last rules write the long vowels with the length mark, lengthen a /u/ left standing after /gʷ/, and give /gʷ/ a following /u/ before a consonant and at the end of a word. Stress is fixed on the penultimate syllable and is neither written nor marked in the output.

[ŋ] is not itself a member of <code>[C]</code>, so a short vowel before ⟨nk⟩, ⟨nq⟩ or ⟨nx⟩ is not laxed: ''senta'' gives /sɛnta/ but ''senka'' gives /seŋka/.

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Output !! Shows
|-
| ''sido'' || /ɕido/ || a coronal palatalised before ''i''
|-
| ''zyerta'' || /ʑɛrta/ || a short vowel laxed in a closed syllable
|-
| ''arahe'' || /aɾaɦə/ || intervocalic ''r'' and ''h''; final ''e''
|-
| ''maged'' || /magɛt/ || final devoicing, the spelling keeping the voiced stem
|-
| ''gulda'' || /gʷulda/ || ⟨gu⟩ before a consonant
|-
| ''guu'' || /gʷuː/ || ⟨gu⟩ taken first, the leftover ⟨u⟩ lengthened
|-
| ''hayraanye'' || /häjraːɲə/ || the native name of the language
|}

== Rulesets ==

<code>sets</code> is empty, so <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAR-AI|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> reports an unknown ruleset for any name given and files the page in [[:Category:Auphen errors]]. The language's single noun declension is built instead by [[Module:MiddleAirananwe]] through [[Template:YAR-AI-decl]], which assembles the forms from the spelling rather than deriving them with the engine.

Editing this page changes every estimated pronunciation in the language; the entries that call {{tl|auphen}} serve the old output from the parser cache until they are purged. The engine's own behaviour, and where it diverges from the notation it ports, is logged at [[Module talk:Auphen]].

Module:Auphen/YAQ-HE/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:37 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YAQ-HE]], the Ancient Hertic sound data for the Yezur wiki. It holds no code: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads it whenever [[Template:Auphen]] is given the registry code <code>YAQ-HE</code> and passes its contents to the engine in [[Module:Auphen]]. <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAQ-HE}}</nowiki></code> estimates a pronunciation from the spelling; <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAQ-HE|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> runs one of the named rulesets below.

== Fields ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Purpose
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || The category sets the rules refer to: <code>[C]</code> consonant, <code>[V]</code> vowel, <code>[K]</code> voiceless stop (/p/, /t̪/, /k/), <code>[G]</code> voiced stop (/b/, /d̪/, /g/), <code>[F]</code> front vowel (/i/, /e/, /ɛ/), <code>[N]</code> nasal (/m/, /n/, /ŋ/), <code>[W]</code> velar obstruent (/k/, /g/, /x/).
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The glyph-to-sound map. The frame supplies it to the engine only for pronunciation estimation, where it is applied to the word before <code>pronounce</code> runs.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The pronunciation-estimation ruleset.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || The named rulesets, one per cell of the noun declension.
|}

<code>[K]</code> and <code>[G]</code> are declared in matching order, so the rules that map one onto the other pair them off position by position. <code>[C]</code> and <code>[V]</code> also list sounds that no glyph spells and only the ruleset produces — /h/, /ɣ/, /ŋ/, /o/, /ə/, /oʊː/ — so that later rules still match them.

== Orthography ==

Ancient Hertic is written in an alphabetic script. <code>ipa_rules</code> gives each glyph one sound; the rules apply in the order listed below, down the left column and then the right, so the digraphs ⟨ου⟩ and ⟨αε⟩ are matched ahead of the letters they are written with.

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Sound !! Spelling !! Sound
|-
| ου || /ʉ/ || ζ || /ʐ/
|-
| αε || /ä/ || χ || /x/
|-
| σ || /s/ || κ || /k/
|-
| λ || /l/ || γ || /g/
|-
| ν || /n/ || υ || /u/
|-
| ρ || /r/ || ι || /i/
|-
| φ || /ɸ/ || ο || /ɔ/
|-
| μ || /m/ || ε || /ɛ/
|-
| π || /p/ || η || /e/
|-
| β || /b/ || ω || /ɒː/
|-
| θ || /θ/ || α || /ɑ/
|-
| ψ || /ð/ || ξ || /kʂ/
|-
| τ || /t̪/ || ς || /ʈʂ/
|-
| δ || /d̪/ || ||
|}

⟨ξ⟩ and ⟨ς⟩ each yield a two-symbol sequence, which <code>[C]</code> lists as a single consonant; ⟨ω⟩ is long. ⟨ο⟩ enters the ruleset as /ɔ/ — its /o/ value is an allophone produced by the rules, not a spelling distinction.

== Pronunciation ==

<code>pronounce</code> holds ten rules, applied in order to the word once <code>ipa_rules</code> has transposed it.

{| class="wikitable"
! Rule !! Effect
|-
| <code>x/h/#_</code> || /x/ is /h/ word-initially.
|-
| <code>n/ŋ/_[W]</code> || /n/ assimilates to /ŋ/ before a velar.
|-
| <code>k/ʈʂ/_[F]</code> || /k/ becomes /ʈʂ/ before a front vowel.
|-
| <code>[K]/[G]/[N]_</code> || Voiceless stops voice after a nasal.
|-
| <code>[K]/[G]/[V]_[V]</code> || Voiceless stops voice between vowels.
|-
| <code>x/ɣ/[V]_[V]</code> || /x/ becomes /ɣ/ between vowels.
|-
| <code>ʐ/r/[V]_[V]</code> || /ʐ/ becomes /r/ between vowels.
|-
| <code>ɔ/o/_[C]#|_[C][V]</code> || /ɔ/ raises to /o/ before a single consonant, whether word-final or followed by a vowel.
|-
| <code>ɛ/ə/_#</code> || Final /ɛ/ reduces to /ə/.
|-
| <code>ɒː/oʊː/_#</code> || Final /ɒː/ becomes /oʊː/.
|}

The <code>|</code> in the raising rule separates two alternative environments; either is enough to trigger it, and it distinguishes ''ολ'' → {{auphen|ολ|YAQ-HE}} from ''ολλα'' → {{auphen|ολλα|YAQ-HE}}.

Order matters. Palatalisation runs before both voicing rules and so claims /k/ before a front vowel outright: ''ακα'' → {{auphen|ακα|YAQ-HE}} but ''ακη'' → {{auphen|ακη|YAQ-HE}}. Nasal assimilation runs before palatalisation, so it still sees the velar that palatalisation then replaces: ''ανκη'' → {{auphen|ανκη|YAQ-HE}}. Voicing after a nasal does not depend on that assimilation, since /n/ is itself a member of <code>[N]</code>: ''ανπα'' → {{auphen|ανπα|YAQ-HE}}. Further examples: ''Χερτεχι'' → {{auphen|Χερτεχι|YAQ-HE}}, ''κηχυζι'' → {{auphen|κηχυζι|YAQ-HE}}, ''ταπε'' → {{auphen|ταπε|YAQ-HE}}.

== Named rulesets ==

<code>sets</code> covers the noun declension: four cases (nominative, accusative, oblique, genitive) in two numbers across three classes. Names take the form <code>''class''-''case''-''number''</code> — <code>F-nom-sg</code>, <code>M1-acc-pl</code>, and so on. These rulesets run on the spelling rather than on the sounds: the frame withholds <code>ipa_rules</code> when a ruleset is named, so they take the headword in the Hertic script and return the declined form in the same script, leaving pronunciation to a separate call. The page declares no orthographic category set of its own, and the declension rules name no categories.

Each ruleset rewrites the citation ending, and every rule is anchored to the end of the word; a word that does not end in its class's citation ending comes back unchanged. The nominative singular of each class is an identity rule, so a table can call all eight cells the same way.

{| class="wikitable"
! Form !! F (feminine, citation <code>-ι</code>) !! M1 (first-declension masculine, citation <code>-αν</code>) !! M2 (second-declension masculine, citation <code>-ουξ</code>)
|-
! NOM SG
| -ι || -αν || -ουξ
|-
! NOM PL
| -υ || -ιο || -ω
|-
! ACC SG
| -ιξ || -αξ || -ουτ
|-
! ACC PL
| -υδες || -ιδες || -ωεσ
|-
! OBL SG
| -ε || -αεν || -ουν
|-
! OBL PL
| -υεν || -ιν || -ων
|-
! GEN SG
| -εν || -ην || -ην
|-
! GEN PL
| -υν || -ιην || -ωην
|}

Three of the M1 plurals carry two rules, matching <code>-ιαν</code> before plain <code>-αν</code> so that an ι-stem does not double its ι: ''φιαν'' → <code>φιο</code>, not <code>φιιο</code>. <code>M1-gen-pl</code> carries only the plain rule, and so returns <code>φιιην</code>.

== Notes ==

Entries do not normally call these rulesets directly. The declension tables come from [[Template:YAQ-HE-decl-F]], [[Template:YAQ-HE-decl-M1]] and [[Template:YAQ-HE-decl-M2]] over [[Template:YAQ-HE-decl/core]]: the wrappers pass the class, the gender label and the definite-article forms, and the core reads the headword from the page name unless <code>word=</code> overrides it. Only the three noun classes have rulesets here; no other part of speech is covered yet.

The rule notation is the engine's, not this page's — it is described at [[Module:Auphen]], and its behaviour and divergences are logged on [[Module talk:Auphen]]. A misspelt ruleset name yields a visible error and files the calling page into [[:Category:Auphen errors]]. Worked examples for the engine live at [[Template:Auphen/testcases]].

Module:Auphen/YAQ-GA/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:36 GMT

Create the documentation subpage

New page

This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen/YAQ-GA]], the sound data for [[Gaillean language|Gaillean]] (registry code <code>YAQ-GA</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is pure data and is not invoked directly: it returns a table of categories and rules which [[Module:Auphen/frame]] loads and hands to [[Module:Auphen]] whenever [[Template:Auphen]] is called with the code <code>YAQ-GA</code>. The rule notation is the engine's; its behaviour and known divergences are logged at [[Module talk:Auphen]].

== Fields ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Contents
|-
| <code>ipacats</code> || The sound categories the ruleset scopes over: <code>[C]</code>, the consonants, and <code>[V]</code>, the vowels. Gaillean defines no others. <code>7</code>, the working symbol that stands in for /t͡sʰ/ through the ruleset, is listed among the consonants; /t͡sʰ/ itself is not.
|-
| <code>ipa_rules</code> || The initial transposition, from Gaillean spelling to sound.
|-
| <code>pronounce</code> || The ruleset run by <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAQ-GA}}</nowiki></code>, which carries the transposed form to an estimated pronunciation.
|-
| <code>sets</code> || Named derivation rulesets, keyed by name. Empty for Gaillean.
|}

The page defines no <code>cats</code> field. [[Module:Auphen/frame]] reads <code>cats</code> in preference to <code>ipacats</code> when it runs a named ruleset, and hands the engine no transposition with it, so a named ruleset works on spelling rather than on sound. Gaillean has none.

== Transposition ==

Fifteen digraphs are read as units:

{| class="wikitable"
! Spelling !! Sound !! Spelling !! Sound
|-
| <code>ae</code> || aɪ || <code>mp</code> || ᵐp
|-
| <code>ao</code> || ɶ || <code>oe</code> || oʊ
|-
| <code>bh</code> || b͡β || <code>ou</code> || ɯə
|-
| <code>ei</code> || e: || <code>ph</code> || p͡ɸ
|-
| <code>eu</code> || y || <code>th</code> || c
|-
| <code>gh</code> || g͡ɣ || <code>zh</code> || ʒ
|-
| <code>ll</code> || ʎ || <code>zw</code> || ʃʷ
|-
| <code>mb</code> || ᵐb ||   ||  
|}

The engine matches the longest spelling first, so a digraph wins over its letters wherever it stands in the list; the data page lists the digraphs ahead of the single letters for reading, not for precedence. Where three letters meet, <code>mbh</code> and <code>mph</code> therefore transpose as <code>mb</code> or <code>mp</code> followed by <code>h</code>, and the ruleset later draws them together into /ᵐb͡β/ and /ᵐp͡ɸ/.

Among the single letters the values that do not follow the spelling are <code>a</code> /a:/, <code>c</code> /t͡sʰ/, <code>e</code> /ɛ/, <code>f</code> /ɸ/, <code>h</code> /x/, <code>o</code> /ɒ/, <code>r</code> /ɹ/ and <code>v</code> /β/. The rest transpose to their own value, save <code>x</code>, which becomes the working symbol <code>é</code>, and <code>q</code>, which stands unchanged; both are settled by the ruleset, <code>q</code> as /kʷ/ in <code>qu</code> before a vowel, /k͡x/ at the end of a word and /kʲ/ elsewhere, and <code>é</code> as /kʃ/, or /kəʃ/ finally. <code>~</code> transposes to nothing; because the transposition runs before the engine divides the word, the divider is gone by the time the division is made and has no effect in Gaillean, where a space separates words instead. Length is written with a colon, both here and in the engine's output.

== Pronunciation ==

The vowels alternate with their position in the word. /a:/ lowers to [ä] throughout and returns to [a:] before a consonant and vowel and at the end of a word. /ɛ/ raises to [e] before a consonant and vowel, though not in <code>[C][C]_[C]</code> or <code>[C]_[C][C]</code>, and before a final vowel; it reduces to [ə] between a vowel and a consonant, in <code>[C]_[C][C][V]</code> and <code>[V][C]_[C][C]</code>, after a cluster at the end of a word, and at the end of a word after /ʎ ʒ c g͡ɣ/, though never after <code>qu</code>. /ɒ/ raises to [o] before a consonant and vowel, lengthens to [o:] at the end of a word, and centres to [ʌ] between a vowel and a consonant and in <code>[C][C]_[C]</code> and <code>[C]_[C][C]</code>. The return of [a:] and both raisings are blocked before /ʎ ʒ c/, the sounds of <code>ll</code>, <code>zh</code> and <code>th</code>, so <code>liath</code> is /ljäc/ where <code>dwalia</code> is /dwa:lia:/. <code>ei</code> becomes [ɛi] except at the end of a word, where the transposed [e:] stands, and <code>ie</code> becomes [iə] unless another vowel precedes it.

Among the consonants, /n/ palatalises to [ɲ] before /a: i ɛ/ and /s/ to [ʃ] before another consonant. /i/ becomes the glide [j] beside a vowel, but not at the end of a word, not after <code>qu</code>, and not where a single consonant precedes it and a word-final vowel follows; this is what carries the [i] of [ɛi] to [j], so <code>ceir</code> is /t͡sʰɛjɹ/. At the end of a word, and before a word-final consonant, /b d g/ harden to [p t k] and /z ʒ ʒʷ/ to [s ʃ ʃʷ]; /β/ becomes [w] finally, except in <code>bh</code>, and [ɸə] before a final consonant.

Several sounds take a supporting schwa at the end of a word: /ʎ/ becomes [lə], /m/ becomes [ɱə], <code>é</code> becomes [kəʃ], and a word consisting of <code>h</code> alone is [xə]. A final /ɛɹ/ after /t p k/ reduces to [əɹ], so <code>awiter</code> is /a:witəɹ/.

Two rules use <code>%</code>, which in an environment stands for the target as matched: <code>[C]//_%</code> drops the first of a doubled consonant, so <code>arreie</code> is /äɹɛjɛ/ against /a:ɹɛjɛ/ for a single <code>r</code>, and <code>[V]/:/%_</code> writes the second of a doubled vowel as length, so <code>duu</code> is /du:/. Late rules then collapse [nɲ] to [ɲ] and [ʃs] to [s] and restore the working symbols <code>7</code> and <code>8</code> to /t͡sʰ/ and /iə/; while those two stand, they belong to neither category and so match neither <code>[C]</code> nor <code>[V]</code>, as <code>é</code> does not. Two further rules act on characters the transposition never produces: <code>1</code> becomes a hyphen and <code>2</code> is deleted, and both fire only where the character is given in the word itself.

== Named rulesets ==

<code>sets</code> is empty, so <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAQ-GA|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> has nothing to call: it reports an unknown ruleset and files the page in [[:Category:Auphen errors]]. Gaillean noun declension is not derived by the engine — [[Template:YAQ-GA-decl]] builds it from the paradigm and irregular-stem tables in [[Module:Gaillean]]. [[Template:Auphen/testcases]] holds the engine's live acceptance tests; Gaillean has no rows there.

Module:Auphen/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:34 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Auphen]], the sound-change engine for the Yezur wiki. It applies an ordered ruleset of rewrite rules to a word and returns the result. It exports no <code>#invoke</code> entry point and is not called from wikitext: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] requires it, hands it the data for one language and backs [[Template:Auphen]], so that <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|code}}</nowiki></code> estimates a pronunciation and <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|code|ruleset}}</nowiki></code> runs a named ruleset. The categories, the glyph-to-sound table and the rulesets themselves are pure data on the <code>Module:Auphen/<code></code> pages; the engine holds no language-specific material. The rule notation is a port of PhoMo's; the behaviour log, the divergences from it and the module's provenance are kept on [[Module talk:Auphen]].

== Interface ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Call !! Purpose
|-
| <code>Auphen.new(categories, ipa_rules, opts)</code> || Builds an engine. <code>categories</code> maps each bracketed category name to an array of its members in declaration order; <code>ipa_rules</code> is the glyph-to-sound table as a string; <code>opts</code> holds the two settings below. Every argument may be omitted, and an engine built without <code>ipa_rules</code> does no glyph conversion.
|-
| <code>eng:run(ruleset, input, toIpa)</code> || Runs <code>ruleset</code> over <code>input</code> and returns the finished string. The input is split on spaces and on <code>~</code>, each part is processed as its own word with its own word edges, and the parts are rejoined with spaces. With <code>toIpa</code> true the input is first lower-cased, sentence-final punctuation and the colon become <code>|</code>, other punctuation is dropped, and <code>ipa_rules</code> is applied.
|-
| <code>eng:run_word(ruleset, word)</code> || Runs the ruleset over a single word. Returns the finished word and a trace holding, for each rule, its text, the word after it and whether it applied.
|-
| <code>eng.warnings</code> || Warnings gathered while loading and running: an invalid category name, a category reference that cannot be resolved, an affix category used without an index, an affix index that matches nothing, a rule skipped for exceeding the cap below. [[Module:Auphen/frame]] does not read them.
|-
| <code>opts.explodeCap</code> || The ceiling on the number of variants one segment of a rule may expand to, 5,000,000 by default. A segment above it expands to nothing and the rule is skipped with a warning rather than left to exhaust the parser.
|-
| <code>opts.dashToSpace</code> || When true, hyphens in the finished word become spaces.
|}

Neither option is reachable from wikitext: [[Module:Auphen/frame]] builds the engine without an <code>opts</code> table, so template calls run at the default cap and leave hyphens untouched.

== Rule lines ==

A ruleset is plain text, one rule to a line; a line containing no <code>/</code> is ignored. Each rule has up to five fields, separated by <code>/</code>:

target / change / environment / exception / else

{| class="wikitable"
! Field !! Purpose
|-
| target || What the rule matches. <code>#</code> alone means the whole word; an empty target matches at every slot from before the first character to after the last.
|-
| change || What the match becomes. An empty field deletes it.
|-
| environment || Conditions on the surrounding word; the rule applies only where one of them holds. An empty field imposes no condition.
|-
| exception || Conditions written the same way; where one holds, the rule is blocked.
|-
| else || Applied in place of the change wherever the environment fails or an exception holds. An empty field leaves the match alone.
|}

Rules run in order, each on the output of the last. The word is lower-cased before a rule sees it, and the finished word is re-cased to match the input: all lower, all upper, or otherwise capitalised. A rule whose target is <code>#</code> and whose change contains <code>#</code> or <code>@</code> is treated as an affixation instead of a replacement; such a rule has no target position, so a condition containing <code>_</code> never holds in one.

== Notation ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Notation !! Meaning
|-
| <code>[X]</code> || A category: a bracketed capital followed by up to two more letters, its members listed on the language's data page. Members are tried longest first when matching but map by position, so the ''n''th member of the target's category becomes the ''n''th member of the change's.
|-
| <code>[a,b,c]</code> || A category written in place, members comma-separated, without being declared.
|-
| <code>%</code> || In the change, the text that was matched, so that <code>%%</code> doubles it; where the target is <code>#</code> it is the whole word. In a condition, replaced by the matched text before the condition is tested.
|-
| <code>?</code> || The matched text reversed, or the whole word where the target is <code>#</code>; it is read the same way in a condition. As the whole change, <code>?</code>''n'' reverses that text from position ''n'', counting from the end where ''n'' is negative, and <code>?</code>''n''<code>^</code>''m'' reverses ''m'' characters from there.
|-
| <code>_</code> || The target's own slot, which makes the condition local: what stands left of <code>_</code> must precede the match and what stands right of it must follow. A condition without <code>_</code> is global and is tested against the whole word.
|-
| <code>*</code> || In a local condition, separates material that need not be adjacent: the segment nearest the slot must abut it, the others need only occur in order further out.
|-
| <code>#</code> || A word edge. The word is padded with <code>#</code> at each end, so a local condition tests an edge in place; in a global condition, material before the <code>#</code> must be word-initial and material after it word-final.
|-
| <code>=</code> || Counts occurrences, without overlap, in a global condition. <code>[V]=3</code> holds at exactly three, <code>[V]=>3</code> at three or more, <code>[V]=<3</code> at three or fewer.
|-
| <code>|</code> || Separates alternative conditions; the field holds if any one of them does.
|-
| <code>"</code> || As a condition on its own, holds when the previous rule applied.
|-
| <code>@</code>''n'' || Written at the end of the change, selects a single instance: the ''n''th match of the target, counted from the end where ''n'' is negative. Instances are numbered by a left-to-right, longest-first scan, so overlapping members of one category count once. An index on the else field is used where the change carries none.
|-
| <code>^</code>''m'' || After an index, the number of characters the change covers, counted from the start of the match rather than taken from the length of the target.
|-
| <code>!</code>''x'' || Makes the operator character ''x'' an ordinary literal. The <code>!</code> of the movement marker <code>>!</code> is not read as an escape.
|-
| <code>~</code> || A word boundary: each side is run as its own word and the output shows a space. A <code>~</code> produced by a rule becomes a plain space.
|}

== Affixation and movement ==

In an affixation rule the change is a template in which <code>#</code> stands for the word; positions are counted in characters from 1, and a negative position counts from the end. Apart from the movement forms, a template with no <code>#</code> in it leaves the word unchanged; an index and span with no material at all delete. Category references and <code>##</code> are resolved before the template is applied, and <code>%</code> and <code>?</code> are not read here.

{| class="wikitable"
! Change !! Effect
|-
| <code>x#</code> || Prefixes ''x''; <code>#x</code> suffixes it and <code>x#y</code> circumfixes.
|-
| <code>##</code> || Appends a copy of the word, each further <code>#</code> appending another. With an index the copy is that slice of the word — <code>^</code>''m'' giving its length, one character by default — and is placed directly after it.
|-
| <code>#x@</code>''n'' || Inserts ''x'' after character ''n''; <code>x#@</code>''n'' inserts it before.
|-
| <code>x#@</code>''n''<code>^</code>''m'' || Replaces ''m'' characters from position ''n'' with ''x'', or deletes them where the material is empty.
|-
| <code>#[X]@</code>''n'' || The ''n''th member of category X occurring in the word, used as affix material and here suffixed. The index is consumed by the category, so the template's <code>#</code> alone places the material.
|-
| <code>></code>''s''<code>@</code>''d''<code>^</code>''m'' || Moves ''m'' characters, one by default, from position ''s'' to position ''d'', the destination being counted in the word with the block already removed. <code>>!</code> in place of <code>></code> copies the block instead, counting the destination in the unchanged word.
|}

== Notes ==

<code>ipa_rules</code> is read as one <code>glyph/sound</code> pair per line, longest glyph first; anything it does not match passes through unchanged. It is applied only on the pronunciation path, where [[Module:Auphen/frame]] runs the data page's <code>pronounce</code> ruleset against its <code>ipacats</code> categories and wraps the result in slashes. A named ruleset is taken from <code>sets</code> and run against <code>cats</code>, over the orthography and with no glyph conversion. Either category set stands in for the other where a data page defines only one.

Worked examples for the languages with sound data are on [[Template:Auphen/testcases]], which calls <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Auphen/frame|raw}}</nowiki></code> for unformatted output. A missing word or code, a code with no data page and an unknown ruleset are reported rather than raised: <code><nowiki>{{auphen}}</nowiki></code> renders the message as an error and files the page in [[:Category:Auphen errors]], while <code>raw</code> returns it as a plain <code>ERROR:</code> line.

Module:Airananwe/doc

Thiorosan — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 12:19:33 GMT

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This is the documentation for [[Module:Airananwe]], the inflection-table builder for Airananwe (registry code <code>YAS-AI</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:YAS-AI-conj]] invokes <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Airananwe|conj}}</nowiki></code> and [[Template:YAS-AI-decl]] invokes <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Airananwe|decl}}</nowiki></code>, and Dictionary entries transclude those templates under a <code><nowiki>====Conjugation====</nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>====Declension====</nowiki></code> heading.

The module holds no rules of its own: what it hard-codes is the inventory of tenses and persons and the layout of the tables, while every form is derived by running one named ruleset from [[Module:Auphen/YAS-AI]] over the citation form. It requires that data page directly rather than through [[Module:Auphen/frame]], and builds an [[Module:Auphen]] engine from its orthography-scope categories (<code>cats</code>) alone. The engine is created without <code>ipa_rules</code> and each form is asked for in spelling rather than sound, so <code>pronounce</code> is never run and the tables come out in ordinary Airananwe orthography; pronunciation stays with <code><nowiki>{{auphen}}</nowiki></code>. A change to the rules on the data page is therefore picked up here without an edit to this module, which is wired to <code>YAS-AI</code> and serves no other language.

== Parameters ==

Both functions take the same parameters and read them from the parent frame, so they are given to the wrapper template rather than to the invocation.

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>word</code> || The form to inflect: the citation form of the verb for <code>conj</code>, the singular of the noun for <code>decl</code>. Defaults to the page name when omitted.
|-
| <code>1</code> || A positional alternative to <code>word</code>, consulted only when <code>word</code> is absent; a <code>word</code> that is present but empty falls through to the page name instead.
|}

== Rulesets ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Ruleset !! Derives
|-
| <code>''tense''-''person''</code> || One finite form. ''tense'' is <code>past</code>, <code>nearpast</code>, <code>present</code>, <code>nearpresent</code>, <code>nearfuture</code>, <code>future</code>, <code>passive-past</code>, <code>passive-present</code> or <code>passive-future</code>; ''person'' is <code>1sg</code>, <code>2sg</code>, <code>3sg</code>, <code>3sg-f</code>, <code>1p</code>, <code>2p</code> or <code>3p</code>.
|-
| <code>''tense''-''person''-neg</code> || The negative counterpart of the same form.
|-
| <code>plural</code> || The plural of a noun, from the shape of the singular.
|-
| <code>genitive</code> || The genitive of a noun. Run over the headword for the singular and over the generated plural for the plural.
|}

The data page carries two further rulesets, <code>special</code> and <code>passive</code>, which this module never calls: each finite ruleset repeats inline the stem derivation it needs — bare stem, special stem or passive stem — before the personal ending, so it can be run over the citation form on its own. The two remain reachable as <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YAS-AI|special}}</nowiki></code>.

<code>conj</code> emits two tables, the seven persons down the side, captioned "Active — negative beneath each form" and "Passive". The first covers the six active tenses, the affirmative in bold with the negative in grey beneath it; the second covers the passive past, present and future in the same layout. A tense and person for which no affirmative ruleset exists is shown as an em dash, and a missing negative leaves the lower line of the cell empty; with the data page as it stands neither case arises.

<code>decl</code> emits a single table, <code>SG</code> and <code>PL</code> against <code>plain</code> and <code>genitive</code>, all four forms in bold. Airananwe has no case in the old sense — the plural is formed by rule from the shape of the singular, and the genitive is the suffixed postposition ''-enne'' (''-nne'' after a vowel), which attaches to both numbers. Running the genitive over the plural is the one place where the output of one ruleset is fed to another.

For the rule notation itself, and for the engine's behaviour and divergence log, see [[Module talk:Auphen]].

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