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This is the documentation for [[Module:Besoh]], the inflection and estimated-pronunciation module for [[Besoh language|Besoh]] (registry code <code>YCQ-BE</code>) on the Yezur wiki. It is not called directly: [[Template:YCQ-BE-decl]] invokes <code>decl</code> for the noun table and [[Template:YCQ-BE-conj]] invokes <code>conj</code> for the verb table, each with <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Besoh|…}}</nowiki></code>. Both build every form from one headword and print an estimated pronunciation beneath each. The paradigms are those set out at [[Dictionary:About Besoh]].

== Parameters ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Parameter !! Purpose
|-
| <code>word</code> || The headword the table is built from. Defaults to the page name, which is what entries rely on; set it only where the page name is not the citation form.
|-
| <code>1</code> || The same, given positionally. <code>word</code> takes precedence.
|}

Both are read from the calling template's arguments, not from <code>#invoke</code>: a value passed straight to <code>#invoke</code> is ignored and the page name used instead.

== Noun forms ==

<code>decl</code> prints a wikitable of the bare, dative and locative forms in singular and plural.

{| class="wikitable"
! Cell !! Ending !! Derivation
|-
| Plural || <code>-u</code>, after a vowel <code>-'u</code> || A final ''e'' or ''o'' is absorbed into the ending (''medo'' → ''medu''); other vowel-final stems take the glottal (''śizu'' → ''śizu'u''); consonants and the glottal take plain <code>-u</code> (''san'' → ''sanu'', ''ho''' → ''ho'u'').
|-
| Dative || <code>bi</code> || The postposition, written solid with the noun (''gisbobi'', ''gisbubi'').
|-
| Locative singular || <code>-on</code>, after a vowel <code>-'on</code> || ''sanon'', ''ña'on''.
|-
| Locative plural || — || The locative of the plural, with the sequence <code>'u'</code> reduced to <code>'</code>. Where the plural ends in <code>-'u</code>, the plural locative therefore falls together with the singular (''śizu'on'' is both); elsewhere the two stay distinct (''sanu'on'' beside ''sanon'').
|}

Every cell links to <code>Dictionary:''form''#Besoh</code> except the citation form, which is left unlinked.

== Verb forms ==

<code>conj</code> prints a wikitable of the stative and the perfect, and of the two combined.

{| class="wikitable"
! Cell !! Ending !! Derivation
|-
| Stative || <code>-va</code> || ''humva'', ''serva''.
|-
| Perfect || <code>va'</code> || The particle preposed as a separate word: ''va' hum''.
|-
| Perfect stative || <code>va'</code> and <code>-va</code> || The particle before the stative: ''va' humva''.
|}

The plain–plain cell is a dash. The stative is linked; the two perfect cells are phrases of two words and are not.

== Estimated pronunciation ==

Besoh spelling is conservative, so each form in the tables is passed through the module's own rendering of the spoken laws. Letters not listed have their face values.

{| class="wikitable"
! Letters !! Sounds
|-
| <code>ś ź</code> || ʃ ʒ
|-
| <code>c j</code> || ʦ ʣ
|-
| <code>ñ</code> || ɲ
|-
| <code>n</code> || ŋ
|-
| <code>ĥ ĝ</code> || x ɣ
|-
| <code>ǵ</code> || ʁ
|-
| <code>'</code> || ʔ
|-
| <code>ä ë ï ö ü</code> || aː eː iː oː uː
|}

The following then apply, in this order.

{| class="wikitable"
! Change !! Example
|-
| ''iu'' becomes /y/ || ''kovĥiu'' /kɔvçy/
|-
| ''ĥ'' becomes /ç/ before ''i'', ''e'' and /y/ || ''kovĥiu'' /kɔvçy/
|-
| A final ''n'' is dropped, leaving nasality on the vowel before it; it survives under suffixation || ''san'' /sã/, ''sanu'' /saŋu/
|-
| A final ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>'' is a catch on the vowel, /ˀ/; elsewhere it stays /ʔ/ || ''sagobbe''' /saɣɔbbeˀ/, ''ña'on'' /ɲaʔõ/
|-
| ''b d g'' become /β ð ɣ/ between vowels || ''gisbobi'' /gizboβi/
|-
| ''e o'' become /ɛ ɔ/ in a closed syllable, that is before two consonants or before one at the end || ''hev'' /hɛf/, ''sagobbe''' /saɣɔbbeˀ/
|-
| A final ''e'' or ''o'' becomes /əː/, where a vowel stands earlier in the word and the ''e'' or ''o'' does not follow a vowel or a long vowel directly || ''medo'' /meðəː/
|-
| Obstruents assimilate voicing regressively || ''keśva'' /kɛʒva/, ''gisbu'' /gizbu/
|-
| A final obstruent devoices || ''hev'' /hɛf/
|}

Stress is not estimated. The laws that key on the end of the word are applied to the end of the whole string, so in the two-word perfect they reach the second word only and the particle is printed /vaʔ/ rather than the /vaˀ/ it would have alone.

The module does not call [[Module:Auphen]]: it carries the laws above in Lua of its own. The same laws are held as data at [[Module:Auphen/YCQ-BE]], which is what <code><nowiki>{{auphen|word|YCQ-BE}}</nowiki></code> reads for the Pronunciation line of an entry, and which records that the two must be kept in step. That page declares no named rulesets, so Besoh inflection is generated here rather than by a sound-change derivation; engine behaviour and its divergences are logged at [[Module talk:Auphen]].

The single-form functions <code>_plural</code>, <code>_dative</code>, <code>_locative</code>, <code>_loc_pl</code>, <code>_stative</code>, <code>_perfect</code> and <code>_pron</code> are exported for calling from other modules. Each takes and returns a plain string, so none of them can be reached through <code>#invoke</code>.

Module:Besoh/doc - Revision history

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